网站系统管理,网站制作报价ihanshi,排名优化是什么意思,深圳保障性住房管理办法目录
一、概述
二、监控平台架构图编辑
三、部署 Prometheus
3.1、Prometheus简介
3.2、部署守护进程node-exporter
3.3、部署rbac
3.4、ConfigMap
3.5、Deployment
3.6、Service
3.7、验证Prometheus
四、部署Grafana
4.1、Deployment
4.2、Service
4.3、Ing…目录
一、概述
二、监控平台架构图编辑
三、部署 Prometheus
3.1、Prometheus简介
3.2、部署守护进程node-exporter
3.3、部署rbac
3.4、ConfigMap
3.5、Deployment
3.6、Service
3.7、验证Prometheus
四、部署Grafana
4.1、Deployment
4.2、Service
4.3、Ingress
4.4、验证Grafana 一、概述
本文将介绍k8s的监控平台搭建搭建一套完善的k8s监控平台可以帮助我们随时观察生产服务器的运行资源使用情况例如CPU、内存、磁盘、网络IO等除了资源可视化之外还可以设置监控预警功能提高生产环境可用性和稳定性提高排除故障的效率。 接下来我们基于prometheus grafana 的方式搭建一套k8s监控平台。
二、监控平台架构图
三、部署 Prometheus
3.1、Prometheus简介
Prometheus官方地址Overview | Prometheus。
Prometheus是一个开源系统监控和警报工具包最初由SoundCloud构建。自2012年Prometheus项目启动以来许多公司和组织都采用了它该项目拥有非常活跃的开发人员和用户社区。它现在是一个独立的开源项目独立于任何公司进行维护。为了强调这一点并澄清项目的治理结构Prometheus于2016年加入了云原生计算基金会成为继Kubernetes之后的第二个托管项目。 Prometheus主要有以下一些特点 开源监控、报警、数据库以 HTTP 协议周期性抓取被监控组件状态不需要复杂的集成过程使用 http 接口接入即可通过服务发现或静态配置发现目标多种图形和仪表板支持模式
Prometheus架构图 Prometheus组件说明
prometheus server主服务接受外部http请求收集、存储与查询数据等prometheus targets: 静态收集的目标服务数据service discovery动态发现服务prometheus alerting报警通知pushgateway数据收集代理服务器(类似于zabbix proxy)data visualization and export 数据可视化与数据导出(访问客户端)
3.2、部署守护进程node-exporter
创建资源清单文件vim node-exporter.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: DaemonSet # DaemonSet表示每个节点都会运行node-exporter
metadata:name: node-exporternamespace: kube-system # 命名空间labels:k8s-app: node-exporter
spec:selector:matchLabels:k8s-app: node-exportertemplate:metadata:labels:k8s-app: node-exporterspec:containers:- image: prom/node-exportername: node-exporterports:- containerPort: 9100protocol: TCPname: http---apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:labels:k8s-app: node-exportername: node-exporternamespace: kube-system
spec:ports:- name: httpport: 9100nodePort: 31672protocol: TCPtype: NodePort # 将node-exporter以NodePort方式暴露出来端口是31672selector:k8s-app: node-exporter
创建并查看pod、service
$ kubectl create -f node-exporter.yaml
daemonset.apps/node-exporter created
service/node-exporter created$ kubectl get daemonset.apps/node-exporter -n kube-system
NAME DESIRED CURRENT READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE NODE SELECTOR AGE
node-exporter 2 2 2 2 2 none 36s$ kubectl get service/node-exporter -n kube-system
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
node-exporter NodePort 10.99.26.203 none 9100:31672/TCP 48s
3.3、部署rbac
创建rbac角色控制资源清单文件vim rbac.yaml
##下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:name: prometheus
rules:
- apiGroups: []resources:- nodes- nodes/proxy- services- endpoints- podsverbs: [get, list, watch]
- apiGroups:- extensionsresources:- ingressesverbs: [get, list, watch]
- nonResourceURLs: [/metrics]verbs: [get]
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:name: prometheusnamespace: kube-system
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:name: prometheus
roleRef:apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.iokind: ClusterRolename: prometheus
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccountname: prometheusnamespace: kube-system
创建集群角色、用户、角色绑定关系
$ kubectl create -f rbac.yaml
clusterrole.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
serviceaccount/prometheus created
clusterrolebinding.rbac.authorization.k8s.io/prometheus created
3.4、ConfigMap
创建configmap资源清单 vim configmap.yaml
##下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:name: prometheus-confignamespace: kube-system
data:prometheus.yml: |global:scrape_interval: 15sevaluation_interval: 15sscrape_configs:- job_name: kubernetes-apiserverskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: endpointsscheme: httpstls_config:ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crtbearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/tokenrelabel_configs:- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace, __meta_kubernetes_service_name, __meta_kubernetes_endpoint_port_name]action: keepregex: default;kubernetes;https- job_name: kubernetes-nodeskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: nodescheme: httpstls_config:ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crtbearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/tokenrelabel_configs:- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.)- target_label: __address__replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]regex: (.)target_label: __metrics_path__replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics- job_name: kubernetes-cadvisorkubernetes_sd_configs:- role: nodescheme: httpstls_config:ca_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/ca.crtbearer_token_file: /var/run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount/tokenrelabel_configs:- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_node_label_(.)- target_label: __address__replacement: kubernetes.default.svc:443- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_node_name]regex: (.)target_label: __metrics_path__replacement: /api/v1/nodes/${1}/proxy/metrics/cadvisor- job_name: kubernetes-service-endpointskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: endpointsrelabel_configs:- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]action: keepregex: true- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_scheme]action: replacetarget_label: __scheme__regex: (https?)- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_path]action: replacetarget_label: __metrics_path__regex: (.)- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_port]action: replacetarget_label: __address__regex: ([^:])(?::\d)?;(\d)replacement: $1:$2- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.)- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]action: replacetarget_label: kubernetes_namespace- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]action: replacetarget_label: kubernetes_name- job_name: kubernetes-serviceskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: servicemetrics_path: /probeparams:module: [http_2xx]relabel_configs:- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]action: keepregex: true- source_labels: [__address__]target_label: __param_target- target_label: __address__replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115- source_labels: [__param_target]target_label: instance- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_service_label_(.)- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]target_label: kubernetes_namespace- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_service_name]target_label: kubernetes_name- job_name: kubernetes-ingresseskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: ingressrelabel_configs:- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_annotation_prometheus_io_probe]action: keepregex: true- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_scheme,__address__,__meta_kubernetes_ingress_path]regex: (.);(.);(.)replacement: ${1}://${2}${3}target_label: __param_target- target_label: __address__replacement: blackbox-exporter.example.com:9115- source_labels: [__param_target]target_label: instance- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_ingress_label_(.)- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]target_label: kubernetes_namespace- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_ingress_name]target_label: kubernetes_name- job_name: kubernetes-podskubernetes_sd_configs:- role: podrelabel_configs:- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_scrape]action: keepregex: true- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_path]action: replacetarget_label: __metrics_path__regex: (.)- source_labels: [__address__, __meta_kubernetes_pod_annotation_prometheus_io_port]action: replaceregex: ([^:])(?::\d)?;(\d)replacement: $1:$2target_label: __address__- action: labelmapregex: __meta_kubernetes_pod_label_(.)- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_namespace]action: replacetarget_label: kubernetes_namespace- source_labels: [__meta_kubernetes_pod_name]action: replacetarget_label: kubernetes_pod_name
创建config
$ kubectl create -f configmap.yaml
configmap/prometheus-config created$ kubectl get cm prometheus-config -n kube-system
NAME DATA AGE
prometheus-config 1 33s
3.5、Deployment
创建prometheus的Pod资源清单文件vim prometheus-deploy.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:labels:name: prometheus-deploymentname: prometheusnamespace: kube-system
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: prometheustemplate:metadata:labels:app: prometheusspec:containers:- image: prom/prometheus:v2.0.0name: prometheuscommand:- /bin/prometheusargs:- --config.file/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml- --storage.tsdb.path/prometheus- --storage.tsdb.retention24hports:- containerPort: 9090protocol: TCPvolumeMounts:- mountPath: /prometheusname: data- mountPath: /etc/prometheusname: config-volumeresources:requests:cpu: 100mmemory: 100Milimits:cpu: 500mmemory: 2500MiserviceAccountName: prometheus volumes:- name: dataemptyDir: {}- name: config-volumeconfigMap:name: prometheus-config
创建prometheus pod
$ kubectl create -f prometheus-deploy.yaml
deployment.apps/prometheus created$ kubectl get pod -A | grep prometheu
kube-system prometheus-ddf89874b-d8mbd 1/1 Running 0 76s
3.6、Service
暴露prometheus准备资源清单vim prometheus-service.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:labels:app: prometheusname: prometheusnamespace: kube-system
spec:type: NodePortports:- port: 9090targetPort: 9090nodePort: 30003selector:app: prometheus
创建service
$ kubectl create -f prometheus-service.yaml
service/prometheus created$ kubectl get svc -n kube-system | grep prometheus
prometheus NodePort 10.96.216.242 none 9090:30003/TCP 32s
3.7、验证Prometheus
$ kubectl get pod,svc -n kube-system | grep prometheus
pod/prometheus-ddf89874b-d8mbd 1/1 Running 0 4m20s
service/prometheus NodePort 10.96.216.242 none 9090:30003/TCP 96s 18s$ kubectl get DaemonSet -n kube-system | grep node-exporter
node-exporter 2 2 2 2 2 none
可以看到成功启动了prometheus的pod和serviceprometheus对外暴露的端口是30003且安装在192.168.1.33这台机器上。在浏览器通过[ip:port]访问http://192.168.1.33:30003如下图 说明我们的Pormetheus已经搭建成功接下来我们部署Grafana。
四、部署Grafana
Grafana官方文档地址Documentation | Grafana Labs。
Grafana主要的一些特点 开源的数据分析和可视化工具支持多种数据源
在k8s集群监控平台中Grafana的作用就是从Prometheus中读取数据生成报表的形式进行数据可视化的功能。
4.1、Deployment
创建grafana的pod资源清单vim grafana-deploy.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:name: grafana-corenamespace: kube-systemlabels:app: grafanacomponent: core
spec:replicas: 1selector:matchLabels:app: grafanacomponent: coretemplate:metadata:labels:app: grafanacomponent: corespec:containers:- image: grafana/grafana:4.2.0name: grafana-coreimagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent# env:resources:# keep request limit to keep this container in guaranteed classlimits:cpu: 100mmemory: 100Mirequests:cpu: 100mmemory: 100Mienv:# The following env variables set up basic auth twith the default admin user and admin password.- name: GF_AUTH_BASIC_ENABLEDvalue: true- name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ENABLEDvalue: false# - name: GF_AUTH_ANONYMOUS_ORG_ROLE# value: Admin# does not really work, because of template variables in exported dashboards:# - name: GF_DASHBOARDS_JSON_ENABLED# value: truereadinessProbe:httpGet:path: /loginport: 3000# initialDelaySeconds: 30# timeoutSeconds: 1volumeMounts:- name: grafana-persistent-storagemountPath: /varvolumes:- name: grafana-persistent-storageemptyDir: {} 创建grafana的Pod
$ kubectl create -f grafana-deploy.yaml
deployment.apps/grafana-core created$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system | grep grafana
grafana-core-7b7ccc7bcf-8lmhq 1/1 Running 0 2m29s
4.2、Service
创建资源清单文件vim grafana-service.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:name: grafananamespace: kube-systemlabels:app: grafanacomponent: core
spec:type: NodePortports:- port: 3000selector:app: grafanacomponent: core
创建grafana Service暴露服务
$ kubectl create -f grafana-service.yaml
service/grafana created
4.3、Ingress
创建Ingress资源清单vim grafana-ingress.yaml
## 下面就是yaml文件的具体配置内容
apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:name: grafananamespace: kube-system
spec:rules:- host: k8s.grafanahttp:paths:- path: /backend:serviceName: grafanaservicePort: 3000
创建ingress:
$ kubectl create -f grafana-ingress.yaml
Warning: extensions/v1beta1 Ingress is deprecated in v1.14, unavailable in v1.22; use networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress
ingress.extensions/grafana created 4.4、验证Grafana
$ kubectl get pod,svc -n kube-system | grep grafana
pod/grafana-core-85587c9c49-zqhhh 1/1 Running 0 76s
service/grafana NodePort 10.105.169.65 none 3000:30155/TCP 55s$ kubectl get ing -n kube-system | grep grafana
grafana none k8s.grafana 80 3h28m
可以看到grafana对外暴露的端口是30155且安装在192.168.1.33这台机器上所以我们通过浏览器访问http://192.168.1.33:30155/默认用户名/密码为admin/admin 接下来我们需要添加数据源 Prometheus注意绑定Prometheus时需要使用prometheus这个service的CLUSTER-IP和代理转发到容器的端口进行连接即10.98.46.224:9090如下图 数据源添加完成后我们导入内置报表模板 输入Prometheus网络模板ID这里选择ID为315的模板进行统计 选择前面定义的数据源名称本例中我们是mydatasource并点击导入模板进行数据可视化 至此通过Prometheus结合Grafana实现了一个简单的k8s集群监控平台当然这里只是一个简单的演示更多高级功能在需要用到的时候再查看官网文档。
