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归根结底是中国智慧与西方智慧的不同造就的
我来讲解下一位大师眼睛里的中国智慧与西方智慧的不同
一个民族有一个民族的智慧当然不同的民族对智慧的理解也有所不同。中国人所代表的中国智慧观念与洋人的西方智慧观念有很大差距。西方人心目中的智慧人物无非亚里士多德、牛顿、爱迪生、爱因斯坦霍金之流都是理论家、发明家、创造家。中国人心目中的智慧人物是谁大家会不约而同地说“诸葛亮””司马懿”。诸葛亮司马懿,有什么发明没有有什么创造也没有提出过什么理论还是没有孙武还有部《孙子兵法》。中国人把诸葛亮,司马懿视为最高智慧代表人物的理由在哪里因为诸葛亮玩计谋、搞诈术的水平中国古今第一。司马懿的隐忍权谋大家有口皆碑但是他空城计被诸葛亮玩了一把上方谷被诸葛用计差点被烧死可以认为稍逊风骚可认为诸葛第一司马其次。
中国的智慧标准是计谋权术西方的智慧标准是发明创造。按照中国的智慧标准牛顿、爱迪生、爱因斯坦不过几个书呆子而已。牛顿遇到诸葛亮肯定被诸葛亮玩得像如来佛手心里的软糖一样谁敢在诸葛面前谈天才。而按西方的智慧标准诸葛亮不过是一个擅长计谋的政治人物而已连一个高等数学方程式都解答不了谁敢在牛顿面前谈智慧。美国前国务卿基辛格之类擅长计谋的政治老腕不会被列入西方天才人物的行列。
中国有过一个数学家叫陈景润现在的90后估计知道的不多了一天到晚鬼迷心窍地搞什么“112”的数学猜想。当时周围的人都把陈景润视为呆子、怪人要不是洋人抬举了陈景润他一直会被认为是智商接近弱智者的痴愚人物。陈景润的论文登出后中国的反应如同石沉大海洋人却兴奋起来“你们中国有个天才的数学家陈景润我们要请他去讲学。”洋人给陈景润的痴愚平反摘帽但仍有许多中国人不以为然“不就是一个怪才嘛”。 西方认为人类最高的智慧体现在对宇宙自然的理解智慧的高低是“与自然斗争”能力的大小把天才的美称授予那些揭示自然法则的理论家、巧妙利用自然力量的发明家。中国则认为人类最高的智慧体现在对“人”的理解控制智慧的高低是“与人斗争”能力的大小。中国的聪明人标准是精于为人处世老谋深算随机应变讨好上级拉拢平级利用下级。不会做这些的均被列入“老实”、“呆子”、“不识时务”不开窍愚昧人之列。中国有句格言“做人比做事更重要”陈景润那样不懂做人的人在中国找老婆都难提到科学有些国人会不服气“中国汉代的张衡最早发明了观测地震的蛤蟆罐五代的祖冲之最早算出了高精度的圆周率明代的万氏最早造出了载人的火箭飞凳……”。但我们也应该了解张衡、祖冲之、万氏等人都是历史学家为了和洋人争口气硬从历史垃圾堆中发掘出来的稀有人物。在中国漫长历史中极少有人知道这些人的存在更不要说把他们视为中华民族智慧的化身了。
古代中国人向来不重视科技发明我们是四大发明的故乡但是那些发明人谁关注过古代哪个统治者哪个当官的重视过科技整天玩党争争权夺利个个整天琢磨着自己升官发财玩计谋拉关系结朋党都想着怎么打击对手压榨百姓讨皇帝欢心。当时GDP占据世界80%的南宋科技经济谁敢说不好被蒙古给灭了其实士兵战斗力是一个问题为什么蒙古大军天下无敌就是因为重视科技重视火炮最后南宋在火炮弓箭这些武器不重视那些工匠反过来被蒙古所用最后自己士兵战斗力不如别人兵器不如别人不被灭才怪谈近一点的鸦片战争直接拿长矛大刀跟别人机枪大炮的干丧权辱国割地赔款。 西方哲人的智慧体现在抽象思维上。与孟子同时代的古希腊学者亚里士多德首创研究无生命物质世界的构造、运动和原因的《物理学》并提出自然科学中一系列最基本的概念“物质”、“空间”、“时间”、“运动”。亚里士多德还首先提出《方法论》问题总结出“归纳”与“演绎”两种逻辑推理方法。应该说亚里士多德的最大贡献之一就是提出“力”的抽象概念并创立了力与运动关系的“运动定律”后来伽利略对亚里士多德的“运动定律”发生疑问提出了“惯性定律”。在牛顿总结出著名的“力学三定律”后宏观力学基本成熟量子力学为代表的微观力学又开辟了新的时代。可以说没有“力”的抽象概念就没有今天的自然科学。
与此相比中国哲人的智慧体现在感性思维上。中国哲人虽不擅长提出抽象概念和创立法则定律但却善于讲故事把深刻的人生哲理用浅显的文学方式表达出来中国古代哲学都寓于名人的教诲和故事般的寓言中。比如“守株待兔”、“刻舟求剑”、“郑人买履”这三个寓言作者想要表达的意思其实都一样但中国哲人却无法把这些具体的寓言抽象升华为一个理性概念洋哲学家则把中国哲人想要说而说不出来的内涵抽象概括为一个概念“教条主义”。再比如“掩耳盗铃”、“疑人盗斧”、“罚人吃肉”三个寓言的意思也一样中国哲人无法像西方哲人那样将这些寓言抽象为一个概念“主观主义”。
中国的寓言类似于西方的童话但童话是给儿童看的因为儿童的理性思维能力比较差。而中国的寓言却是给成人看的按照西方的标准中国的寓言就是“成人的童话”。中国的国民性是什么鲁迅无法用理性思维得出一个抽象的概念只好借用感性思维的寓言方式写了《阿Q正传》。当然鲁迅用感性思维的方法是用对了因为中国人对理性抽象的东西有一种天然的抗拒感理性强的学说很难在中国得到广泛的接受。
另一方面中国和西方测试个人智慧的方式也有所不同。西人用IQ试题检测你的发想力、推理力和创造力然后给你一个大脑IQ值。西方大学的入学考试都是以测试学生的推理想象能力为主。古代中国怎样评价个人的智慧呢这就是科举考试用写文章来评价你的智慧程度秀才、举人、进士的差别就在于写文章水平的高低文章写得最好的被皇帝赐封状元。一个家族如果出一个状元那是极其荣耀的事会永久记载在家谱中成为后人的骄傲。
中国科举考试考什么呢既不是考应试者的逻辑推理和想象创新能力也不是考应试者掌握知识的数量和准确程度而是考应试者的“文采”。由于文采没有一个客观的标准所以中国的科举考试不象西方大学考试有一个客观的分数考生在科举考试中排名完全由主考官个人的好恶来决定。
中国所谓的“文采”又是什么呢这也没有一个客观的定义很难用语言来精确说明。大致讲来有“文采”的文章作者不是简单直接地表达自己的思想而是用比喻、借喻、夸张、拟人等文学手法来间接婉转地表达思想平铺直叙讲大白话被认为文字水平较低。古代中国把文学表现手法称为“赋”、“比”、“兴”朱熹说“赋者敷陈其事而直言之者也比者以彼物比此物也兴者先言他物以引起所咏之词也”。西方没有“文采”这个概念只好把“文采”翻成“literary talent”西方人也很难理解中国文人追求的“文采”到底是什么东西。
西方画的特点是写实、写生绘画以忠实模写自然为第一要义。而中国画的特点是写意画家用比喻夸张的手法表达自己的生活感受。同样西方文章的特点是文字表达的准确性和客观性东洋文章的特点则是文字表达的比喻和夸张动不动就来个“白发三千丈”。洋人小说中描写美女直接描写她眼睛怎样、脸庞怎样、身段怎样、表情怎样而中国古代小说描写美女却喜欢用比喻的手法“沉鱼落雁羞花闭月”。中国人认为为了达到“文采”效果牺牲描述事实的准确性也是可以的所以才有张继的问题诗《枫桥夜泊》:
“月落乌啼霜满天江枫渔火对愁眠。姑苏城外寒山寺夜半钟声到客船。”
月落本应该是黎明时分后面又说“夜半”夜半与月落的时间相关显然不对乌鸦是白昼动物和鸡一样晚上睡觉半夜听到乌鸦叫就像半夜鸡叫一样不自然再者寺院也鲜有半夜敲钟的“夜半钟声”也让人感到诧异。由于中国诗词并不著重“写实”而著重“写意”只要意境好即使诗境与现实不符也仍被认为是好诗。
中国古代创造过多种文学题材诗经楚辞汉赋唐诗宋词都非常强调讲究文采。新文化运动前白话文小说是不登大雅之堂的俗人玩艺儿有水平教养的文人都是吟诗作赋。《三国》、《水浒》等小说本来写的不错可是作者每每到关键时刻总忘不了赋诗一首来个“有诗为证”硬塞入一首不伦不类的诗试图以此来表现作者的“文采”。作者似乎是想说“我不是只会写白话文我也会写诗”。
中国为什么没有创造出“科学”其关键之一就是中国没有创造出直接准确描述事物的“论文”体裁。西方人把文字当作交流思想的工具而中国人把文字当作卖弄学问的敲门砖动不动就要来一点“赋比兴”的文学手法。如果请一位中国状元起死回生来描写一个化学实验很可能会是这样“当酒精灯烧得像早春二月阳光一样温暖的时候放上一只少女眼眸般光碧晶莹的烧杯加入宛如观音菩萨玉瓶里露珠的清澈洁净蒸馏水即刻发生令人赞叹不已的奇妙化学反应快似疾风速比闪电……”。
中国文人极其重视文字的华丽和表现的优雅却非常忽视文字表达的准确性和客观性经常不分场合滥用文采修辞因此中国无法诞生西方式科学论文体裁。有人以为洋人读枯燥无味的科学论文是因为这些文章有实用价值可是我们应该记得亚里士多德、伽利略、牛顿的时代自然科学并不象现在是毫无实用价值的“纯学术”。中国人大概很难理解洋人为什么会对那种枯燥描述自然现象的毫无文采的科学论文发生兴趣。
有人以为中国在搞了科举考试以后才出现重视文采不重视思想内容的倾向。其实中国重文采是自古就有的传统汉代尚没有科举考试但汉代的特产“汉赋”却是中国历史上最重文采轻内容的文体。司马相如写了一篇《上林赋》其受欢迎程度居然搞到洛阳纸贵但《上林赋》除了通篇的美丽辞藻外却没有什么实在的内容。
由于中国人的智慧观把写作文采当作智慧的标准造成长年来中国文人华而不实的文风。古人也感到这种重文不重实的行文弊病唐代韩愈、柳宗元等人发起过一个古文运动提倡学习先秦古人朴实的文风认为文章应以内容为重“言必近真、不尚雕彩”。中国古代早有白话文几百年前的《三国》《水浒》就是用白话文写的但白话文一直在中国文人界吃不开。白话文可清楚准确地表达思想感情文言文就很难做到这一点所以无法用文言文书写细腻情感的小说。中国文人放著准确表达思想的简单白话文不用偏喜欢用连断句都要费几分脑筋的复杂文言文还喜欢在里面加一些不作解释的典故更让人难于理解。
如果说白话文长于“表达思想”文言文则长于“卖弄学问”。“表达思想”越简单清晰越好而“卖弄学问”却是越曲折绕弯越显得有学问。明明可以用简单直接的话讲清楚的事中国文人却要借古怀思引经据典搞得十分复杂。你用简单的词句会被认为是学识不够文采不深。用地摊小贩都会讲的白话文写文章没有赋比兴的烘托没有起承转合的文脉不引经据典如何展现作者渊博的学识与华丽的文采
五四后模仿西方的新文学运动在中国兴起下里巴人的白话文才在中国登上文坛。胡适等人提倡学习西方的写实文风少用修辞不用典故。据丰子恺回忆他在浙江第一师范读书时正值学校提倡新文学反对封建文学要求学生作文时“不准讲空话要老实写”。一个学生写自己奔丧时用了“星夜匍伏奔丧”被老师责问“你那天晚上真的是在地上爬去的吗”
尽管废除科举引进西学以后中国人的智慧观有所改变但中国仍然是诗的国家人们喜欢比喻和夸张喜欢中国画那样诗般的意境对西方追求真实的科学和追求写实的艺术总是敬而远之。中国极少会有人不是为了应付考试不是为了写毕业论文而单纯出于兴趣去读亚里士多德《物理学》那样缺乏文采的论理文章陈景润则是例外中的例外。
中国的智慧也有其闪光之处在研究人性的缺点并加以利用方面远远走在西方前面。西方无数的军事学家、将帅参谋打了几千年仗却从来没有想出过“空城计”这样的绝计。如果用同样的兵器古罗马军团无法战胜善于用计的中国将军。比如说在二战太平洋战场上美军打得过鬼子朝鲜战场中国军队为什么能和美军达成平手也正是因为朝鲜战争中国才得以跻身大国行列。治理中国自然也要用中国式的智慧西方式的智慧在中国行不通。 西方人把思想家当作民族智慧的骄傲中国人则把计谋家当作民族智慧的结晶。西方人看来陈景润比司马懿更智慧因为陈景润和爱因斯坦是同一类人而中国人看来基辛格比爱因斯坦更聪明因为基辛格和司马懿是同一类人中国智慧和西方智慧是没有交点的两条平行线。西方智慧重视“与自然斗”所以诞生了一个又一个思想家发明家中国智慧重视“与人斗”所以出现了一个又一个阴谋家厚黑天才。一个计谋家生在西方是一个悲剧一个发明家生在中国也是一个悲剧。司马懿如果生在美国一辈子只能在做个精于权谋的小地主找不到施展抱负的机会爱迪生如果在中国一辈子也只能在药铺里当一位普通的售货郎同样找不到发明创造的机会。
按照西方的智慧标准中华民族是一个缺少思想守旧自封不重视发明创造就会玩小聪明聪明反被聪明误的民族而按照中国的智慧标准中华民族则是一个深晓世故人情、随机融通、机灵活络的绝顶智慧民族。 在中国技术再牛也是一个就会技术的呆子怪才。在西方搞关系厚黑学是没有市场的所以大家看出今日之中国与西方差距之大 在中国IT业想混的好光技术牛是不够重点是做人某些时候做人比做事还要重要还有程序员干的不能超过35岁不然以后没得混了所以多想想做人你的转型会很顺利否则得话要艰难地多
无奈生在中国技术牛人们要学会入乡随俗尽管都说小公司做事大公司做人但是做人是必须学会的不然的话空有强悍的技术整天被别人算计做为程序员一定要学会适应社会物竞天择适者生存。
2009年华裔科学家高锟获得诺贝尔奖中国人和犹太人的智商高闻名世界为什么中国人这么聪明为什么至今本土没有一个人能获得诺贝尔奖呢中国建国已经60多年无数的科研机构以色列那么小一个茸茸小国建国比中国还晚接二连三地有人获得诺贝尔奖中国从来不缺人才但是那些人才往往没有机会与空间成长往往是会做人会做事的人压制住了会做更大的事不会做人的人。
联想到google就要撤退中国国外互联网公司在中国为何没有一家能够成功最大的缺点就是太不了解中国人了太不了解中国智慧了想在中国混得开必须理解并学会中国智慧同时Google的西方思维就是标榜自己就是一个搜索引擎与搜索结果无关。但是西方思维在中国没有市场
我建议Google总裁一定要认真阅读一下《明朝那些事儿》我相信他一定会从这本书里找到Google怎样才能在中国混的风生水起的办法建议他认真了解中国最伟大的圣人之一的学问王阳明的心学知行合一。什么是知行合一答就是知与行的合一。无论有多么伟大正直的理想要实现它还必须懂得两个字——变通。只有变通只有切合实际的行动才能适应这个气象万千的中国。如果他的西方思维不能接受这个中国思维的话我可以去Google全球总部亲自去给他讲解下古老的中国思维与中国智慧。
同时建议下Google总裁同时Google中国的人才标准不能完全西方化 Google中国应该成立一个公关部挑选一下中国智慧标准的人才当然这种人才放在Google中国研发部的话会让Google的技术变弱的相信未来Google一定会在中国大放光彩 为了避免google副总不能理解汉字的真义特翻译英文供google老大查看 Why does not a foreign company in China, the success of the Internet, why they are acclimatized, why they are in China are Hunbuxiaqu, YAHOO, EBAY, and so such a world-renowned Internet companies in China can not be successful!Why do they let IT giant Microsoft felt shaking, so that Bill Gates nightmares every night of Google in China, feel acclimatized!Hunbuxiaqu would like to retreat! Why is Microsoft in China, a very impressive mix, for example, why get policy support, legislation forced the computer must be installed on each sale of genuine operating systems!And so on. In some big purchases on the government to suppress made in China Jinshan, red and so on!Why is plagiarism so the Americans the green dam open source software in China is also mixed with water from the wind! Of the National People do pay for it! Why do we say in China, the programmers are not respected, programmers stem to 35-year-old, you must consider the transformation of the programmer can not do it, why is that in China, good at engaging in relationships, playing all kinds of tricks would be a man of the people are generally mixedThe technology is cattle programmer than strong, and why in China, the thick black school, relationships, school books so popular, while in the West, on the contrary, programmers are respected, in particular, technology is cattle programmers, why Chinese-made thickblack science, the relationship between science in the West do not work! Similarly, why so many Chinese scientific research institutions, research institutes, has been 60 years since the founding of the PRC, are not the birth of Nobel Prize winners, why are the Chinese post-graduate study in the West it will be able to get the Nobel Prize!For example, in 2009 won the Nobel Prize Kao. In the final analysis, is wisdom and the wisdom of the West created by the different! Me, eyes off his a master of Chinese wisdom and the wisdom of the West different! A nation with a nations wisdom, of course, different peoples of the wisdom of understanding are different.Chinese people on behalf of the Chinese intellectual ideas, and the foreigners have a big gap between the Western concept of intelligence.Westerners in mind the wisdom of people, none other than Aristotle, Newton, Edison, Einstein, Hawking, and his ilk, are theorists, inventors, and create at home.The eyes of the Chinese peoples wisdom figure who?You will invariably say: wise, Sima Yi.Zhuge Liang Sima Yi, what invention? No; What is creation?No; proposed theory?Or not (Sun Wu also Ministry The Art of War).Chinese people have Zhuge Liang, Sima Yi as the highest representative of the wisdom of the reasons for where?Because the trick play Zhuge Liang, engage in the level of Chinese ancient and modern first treachery.Sima Yis forbear trickery we proverbial, but he was empty city was wise to play the one, the top of the Valley of dollars came close to being burned to death by Zhuge can be considered lagged, one could argue that Zhuge first, and Antonio followed. Chinas intellectual standard trick trickery, the Western intellectual standard inventions.In accordance with the wisdom of the Chinese standard, Newton, Edison, Einstein, but only a few nerds.Newton met Zhuge Liang, Zhuge Liang certainly be played with heart in hand, like candy, like Buddha who dares to talk about before Zhuge genius.While the wisdom of Western standards, Zhuge Liang is a good trick, but a political figure only, and even an advanced mathematical formula can not have answers to who dares to talk about the wisdom of Newtons face. Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger, like good old political trick wrist and will not be included in the ranks of the Western genius. China has been a mathematician named Chens (now 90 after the estimate is not much to know), all day long possessed engage in so-called 1 1 2 mathematical conjecture. Chens people around at that time regarded as a fool, cranks, but for foreigners favors Chens, he has would be considered mentally retarded IQ foolishly close to people.Chens paper sign out, Chinas response as no response, foreigners are excited: You have a Chinese mathematician Chens genius! We would like to invite him to lecture. Foreigners to Chens rehabilitation Zhaimao foolishly, but there are still manyChina did not approve of: Is not a geeks Well. The highest in the West that human wisdom is reflected in the understanding of the universe, nature, wisdom, the level of a struggle with nature, the size of the ability to grant those who reveal the genius of the reputation of natural law theorist, inventor of ingenious use of the forces of nature.China believes that the highest human wisdom embodied in the people understand the control of the level of intelligence is the struggle with others capacity size.Chinas wise men is this: skilled and acted, wily and resourceful, to please their superiors, to draw level class, the use of lower level.Do not do this, and were included in the honest, idiot, given to non-resuscitation ignorant person.Chinese proverb: a man is more important than work, Chens like people who do not know a man is immune wives in China, referring to science, some people may not seem convinced: The Chinese Han Zhang Heng invented the earliest observations of earthquakes toad tankfive generations of ancestors of the earliest to arrive at the red circle the rate of high-precision, Ming Wans first manned rocket flight produce weapons of a stool ... .... But we also should understand that Zhang Heng, Zu Chong Zhi, Wans, and others are historians and foreigners in order to Zhengkou Qi, hard to uncover them from the dustbin of history a rare figure. In Chinas long history, very few people are aware that the existence of these people, not to mention them as the embodiment of the wisdom of the Chinese. Ancient Chinese people always attach importance to technological innovation does not, we are the home of four great inventions, but those who concerned about the inventor before, which the ancient rulers, which serves as an official of the serious attention of science and technology, all day long to play the party struggles, power struggles, each day ponderingwith their own career and make a fortune, playing tricks, Latin American relations, forming cliques, are thinking about how to beat their competitors, crushing the people, discuss the emperor favor.Account for 80% of world GDP at that time of the Southern Song, technological, economic Who can say that bad, was Mongolia to eliminate, but in fact soldiers in combat is a problem, why the Mongol armies invincible, that is, with their emphasis on science and technology, emphasis on artillery, finally sound like artillery,bow and arrow these weapons do not pay attention to those artisans in turn be used in Mongolia, and finally his own soldiers than fighting someone else, and weapons than others, do not be strange if Pimie! On nearly 1 oclock, and the Opium War, direct holding spears, machetes with others artillery gun dry, humiliating, cede territory and pay indemnities. Western philosophers wisdom is reflected in an abstract way of thinking.And Mencius, the ancient Greek scholar Aristotle contemporary, pioneering study of non-living material world, the structure, movement and causes of Physics and also proposed a series of basic natural science concepts: material, Space and time , movement. Aristotle was also the first that methodological problem, concludes that induction and deduction two kinds of logical reasoning.Should be said that one of Aristotles greatest contribution to that power of the abstraction and the creation of the relationship between force and movement of the laws of motion (and later Galileo on Aristotles laws of motion occurreddoubt, put forward the inertia). Newton summed up the famous three laws of mechanics, the macro-mechanics basically mature, quantum mechanics, represented by the micro-mechanics has opened up a new era. It can be said there is no force of the abstraction, there is no natural science of today. In contrast, the Chinese sages wisdom embodied in the emotional way of thinking.Chinese philosopher, though not good at abstract concepts and the creation of rules proposed by the law, but they are good at storytelling, the profound philosophy of life literature to use simple mode of expression, the ancient Chinese philosophy, all reside in the teachings and stories of celebrities like the fable.Such as sit back and wait, disregard the changing circumstances, people are buying Lu Zheng, This three fables, the authors want to express the meaning in fact the same, but the Chinese philosopher can not put these specific fable abstract concept of sublimation as a rational, Western philosophersput the Chinese philosopher want to say but can not tell the content to be summed up as an abstract concept: dogmatism.Then such as self-deceiving, suspect, Pirates of the ax, fine people to eat meat, meaning the same three fables, Chinese philosophers did not like the Western philosophers of these fables abstract as a concept: subjectivism. Chinas Fables similar to Western fairy tales, but fairy tales are for children to see, because the childrens rational thinking abilities are relatively poor.While Chinas Fables is looking for adults, according to Western standards, Chinas fable is the adult fairy tale.What is Chinas national character? Lu Xun rational thought can not come to an abstract concept, had to borrow sensual fable way of thinking and writing of The Story of Ah Q. Of course, Lu Xuns thinking with the emotional way is right, because Chinese people are rational and abstract things have a natural sense of resistance, rational theory of strong in China, it is difficult to gain widespread acceptance. On the other hand, China and the West test the wisdom of the way individuals are different.Westerners with the IQ test examination questions want to force your hair, reasoning ability and creativity, and then give you a brain, IQ value.The University of the West entrance examinations are to test the skills of reasoning imagination capability.Ancient Chinese how to assess individuals intelligence?This is the imperial examinations, with writing articles to assess the extent of your wisdom, scholar, Exams, chin-shih of the difference lies in the level of high and low write articles, articles written by the emperor encomiendas the best champion. If a family of a champion, it is extremely honorable thing would be permanently recorded in the pedigree to become the pride of later generations. Chinese imperial examinations were what? Is neither a test candidate to imagine the logic of reasoning and ability to innovate, nor is it equipped with the knowledge exam candidate number and degree of accuracy, but the test candidates literary grace. As the literary talent is not an objective standard, so the Chinese imperial examinations will not be like the University of the West there is an objective test scores, candidates in the examinations ranked entirely by examiners to determine the individuals likes and dislikes. Chinas so-called literary talent then what is it?This is not an objective definition, it is difficult to accurately explain in words.Roughly speaking, the have literary talent, the article, the author is not a simple and direct way to express his own ideas, but by analogy, metaphor, hyperbole, personification and other literary techniques to express ideas indirectly, euphemistically, telling a tale talk about the level of major vernacular language was considered morelow. The performance of the ancient Chinese practice of literature known as Fu and bi, Xing, Zhu said: Fu who deposited Chen being to the respect of those who are; than those who, in order to take things than this Peter materials; Xing whofirst words of praise and otherness in order to rise to the word of it. The West there is no literary talent concept, had to pay close attention to translated literary talent, Westerners have difficulty in understanding Chinese literatis pursuit of literary talent in the end what it was. Western painting is characterized by realism, painting, painting in order to faithfully model was a natural for the first prerequisite.The Chinese painting is characterized by impressionistic painters exaggerated way to use a metaphor to express their feelings of life.Similarly, the West is characterized by the article written to express the accuracy and objectivity of the article Japan is the written word to express the characteristics of metaphor and hyperbole whenever they come to a white-haired three-Qian Zhang.Beauty depicted in the novel foreigners, directly describing how her eyes, face what movements what expression to do, and beauty of ancient Chinese novels describe the way they like to use the metaphor: Chenyulayan, shame to spend close on. Chinese people believe that in order to achieve pay close attention to effect, sacrifice the accuracy of the facts described is also possible, so have the problem Zhang poem Midnight Bells: Moonset Wu Ti frost sky, Jiangfeng fishing boat on the melancholy sleep. Gusu outside of Cold Mountain Temple, Chimes at Midnight to the passenger. This should be a moonset at dawn, followed by saying that the middle of the night, middle of the night and on the ups and downs, time-dependent is clearly wrong; Crow is a daytime animal, and chickens like to sleep at night, at midnight to hear a crow call, just as unnatural as Banyejijiao; Moreover, the monastery has little to midnight bell, Chimes at Midnight also makes surprise to us.As the Chinese poetry does not focus on realism, while the stress on impressionistic, as long as the mood is good, even poetic at variance with reality, it is still considered good poetry. Created a variety of ancient Chinese literature and subject matter, the Book of Songs of Chu Han Fu poetry, are very emphasized that stress literary grace.New Culture Movement ago, the vernacular novel is unrefined laity Wanyi Er, there is the level of educated scholars are Yinshizuofu.Three Kingdoms, Water Margin and other novels have been written well, but the authors often a crucial moment, with a total not forget to write a poem to a a poem as evidence, a nondescript, hard-squeezed poetry, an attempt to to express the writers literary grace.Author seems to want to say: I am not only to write the vernacular, I would write poetry. Why China did not create a science? One of its key Chinese did not invent the things that directly and accurately describes the paper genre.Westerners writing as a tool for exchange of ideas, and the Chinese people have written as a stepping stone pedantic and always must come to a little more than Fu Xing literary techniques.If you requested a Chinese scholar to describe a chemical experiment back to life, it might be something like this: When the lights burn, like alcohol, like the warm sunshine of early spring in February when the girl put a light Bi Yan Mou-like crystal of the beaker, addGuanyin Yu Ping Village dew like the clear clean distilled water and place immediately impressed by the wonderful chemical reactions, fast like high winds, lightning speed ratio ... .... China attaches great importance to the text civilian gorgeous and elegant performance, but it is ignored words to express the accuracy and objectivity, often regardless of settings, abuse of literary styles rhetoric, so China can not be the birth of a Western-style scientific paper genre.Some people think that foreigners read boring scientific papers because of these articles of practical value, but we should remember that Aristotle, Galileo, Newtons era, science was not as now, there is no practical value of the pure academic. China, it is hard to understand why foreigners would be kind of boring description of natural phenomena have no interest in literary styles of scientific papers. Some people think that China is engaged in the examination only after there great importance to pay close attention to the contents do not pay attention to ideological tendencies.In fact, China is re-pay close attention to the tradition since ancient times, yet there is no Han imperial examinations, but the specialty of the Han Dynasty, Han Fu, but it is the history of Chinas most heavily literary grace light in content style. Sima Xiang-ru wrote an article entitled Shanglin Fu and its popularity actually got to Luoyangzhigui, but Shanglin Fu In addition to the beautiful rhetoric throughout the outside, but there is no real content. As the concept of the Chinese peoples wisdom, the wisdom of writing literary talent as a standard, resulting in long slick style to the Chinese literati.The ancients also felt that this re-wording of the text is not Shigemi shortcomings in the Tang Dynasty Han Yu, Liu Zong-yuan, who had launched a literary movement, promote the learning of ancient pre-Qin simple style of writing that the article should be content-heavy, true to its word almost true, not yeteagle color. Ancient China has long been the vernacular, a few hundred years ago, Three Kingdoms Water Margin is written with the vernacular, but the vernacular literary circles has been unpopular in China.Vernacular can be clearly and accurately express thoughts and feelings, classical Chinese is difficult to do this, it is not possible with the classical Chinese novel written in delicate emotions.Chinese literati stood a simple and accurate expression of ideas without the vernacular, migraine like to use even punctuate the complexity of their brains have to charge a fraction of classical Chinese writings, but also like to add some inside the story does not explain, even more difficult to understand. If we say that the vernacular longer than the expression of thought, classical Chinese is longer than the pedantic.Expression of thought the more simple and clear as possible, and pedantry is the more twists and turns Raowan, the more learned.Obviously can be simple and direct words of a clear matter, but would like to take the ancient Chinese literati pregnant thinking, quote the classics, and made very complicated.You use simple words and phrases would be considered to be knowledgeable enough literary talent is not deep.With the stall hawkers are talking about vernacular writing articles, there is no more than Fu-hsing contrast, there is no way transforms the contextual, not citing the classical authors show how the vast knowledge and gorgeous literary talent? After the imitation of the West 54s new literary movement in China, the rise of the vernacular until the next Reba people boarded the Chinese literary scene.Hu Shi and others to promote the study of Western realist style, use less rhetoric, no allusions.According to Feng recalled that he first Normal school in Zhejiang province at a time when schools to promote a new literature, against the feudal literature and writing, when students are asked, are not allowed to talk about empty talk and be honest to write. When a student write their own funerals with the Starry Night creeping V funerals, the teacher questioned: You are really on the ground that night Paqu it? Although the repeal of civil service examination after the introduction of Western learning, the Chinese concept of the wisdom of change, but China is still a poetic country, people like the metaphor and hyperbole, like the artistic conception of Chinese painting, as poetically, to the West the pursuit of real science and the pursuit of realism in art,always distanced themselves from him. China rarely was not to meet the test, not to write theses, and purely out of interest to read Aristotles Physics as a lack of literary talent of the reasoning article (Chens is the exception in the exception). Chinas intelligence also has its shining office, in studying the shortcomings of human nature and make use of far to go in front in the West.Western countless Junshixuejia, generals, staff officers, to fight battles for thousands of years, but has never come up before empty city so must count.If you use the same weapons, the Roman army could not defeat good at thousands of Chinese generals.For example, the Pacific Ocean on the battlefield in World War II, the U.S. military fought off devils, North Korea, where Chinese forces and the U.S. military is able to do to reach deuce, but also precisely because of the Korean War, China was able to rank among the great powers.Governance in China, there is naturally with the Chinese-style wisdom, the wisdom of Western-style does not work in China. Western thinkers as the pride of national wisdom, the Chinese put the trick at home as a national wisdom.Westerners appear to Sima Yi Chens more than wisdom, because of Chens and Einstein are the same categories of people; while the Chinese appear to Henry Kissinger smarter than Einstein, as Henry Kissinger and Sima Yi are the same categories of people, Chinawisdom is not wisdom, and the West point of intersection of two parallel lines.Western intelligence emphasis on struggle with nature, so was born one after another thinker, inventor; Chinese wisdom emphasis on fighting with people, so there is a another conspirator, thick black genius. A scheme was born in the West is a family tragedy, an inventor, was born in China is also a tragedy.Sima Yi, if born in the United States, life can only be a skilled in trickery of the small landowners, can not find the ambitions of the opportunities; Edison, if in China, where life can only be in the pharmacy when a general sales Lang, the same findingless than the invention of the opportunities created. In accordance with the wisdom of Western standards, the Chinese nation is a lack of thinking, old-fashioned self-styled, non-attention to invention, it will play a small clever clever clever misuse of the national anti-being; and the wisdom of the standard in accordance with China, the Chinese nation is a deeply human and therefore Xiao Shi,Random factoring, clever rolling in excellent shape and the wisdom of people. In China, technology, and then cattle, is also a fool would be technology, geeks.In the West, engaging in relationships, thick black school there is no market, so we see that the gap between China and the West today is great! In Chinas IT industry, would like a good mix, optical technology is not enough cattle, focusing on a man, sometimes a man is more important than work!There are programmers doing no more than 35 years old, or there will not get mixed, so think more of a man you will have a smooth transition!Otherwise it would be so hard to be more! Frustration born in China, technical cow people to learn to do as the Romans!While saying that small companies do things a man of large companies, but being a man is to be learned, otherwise, had plenty of powerful technology, have always been someone calculations!As the programmer must learn to adapt to social, natural selection, survival of the fittest. In 2009, Chinese scientists won the Nobel Prize Kao, Chinese and Jews world-famous high IQ, why is the Chinese people so smart, why has no one in the local community does have access to the Nobel Prize, the Chinese state has been more than 60 years, numerous researchAuthority, Israel is so small, a downy small country, nation-building was also later than China, one after another it was the Nobel Prize!China has never been no shortage of talent, but those talents are often not have the opportunity and space to grow will often be a man who faced down things will do even greater things in life people do not. Think google should retreat in China, foreign Internet companies in China, why not a success, the biggest drawback is that too did not understand the Chinese people! Do not understand Chinese wisdom!Would like to open in China, Hunde, we must understand and learn Chinese wisdom!At the same time Google is to present themselves as the Western mind is a search engine, has nothing to do with the search results.But Western thought in China, there is no market! I suggest that Google CEO must carefully read the The Ming dynasty that Matters, I am sure he will find this book how to Google in Chinas wind and water mixed approach! Suggested that he should seriously look into one of Chinas greatest sage of the knowledge, Wang Yangmings heart study, apply what they learn.What is apply what they learn? Answer: that is knowing and unity.No matter how great integrity and vision, to realize it, but also must understand the word - work.Only alternative, only the practical actions in order to adapt to this nature in China.If he can not accept the Western mind this Chinese thinking, I can go to Googles global headquarters in person to explain to him under the ancient Chinese thought and Chinese Wisdom. Also proposed that the next president of Google, while Google Chinas talent standards can not be completely Westernized, Google China should set up a public relations department, the selection criteria about the wisdom of Chinese people (Of course, such talent on the Google China R D department, then let Googles technical changeweak), I believe the future of Google in China will shine!
