自动化产品的网站建设,网站搭建系统,wordpress怎么弄在线表单,提高索引量的方法基于Jenkins自动打包并部署Tomcat环境
传统网站部署的流程 在运维过程中#xff0c;网站部署是运维的工作之一。传统的网站部署的流程大致分为:需求分 析--原型设计--开发代码--提交代码--内网部署--内网测试--确认上线--备份数据--外网更新…
基于Jenkins自动打包并部署Tomcat环境
传统网站部署的流程 在运维过程中网站部署是运维的工作之一。传统的网站部署的流程大致分为:需求分 析--原型设计--开发代码--提交代码--内网部署--内网测试--确认上线--备份数据--外网更新--外网测试--发布完成。如果在内网测试时发现代码有异常返回代码开发人员名字,调整代码如果在外网测试时发现外网部署的代码有异常可以及时进行网站回滚。 传统代码上线的过程
开发人员发起代码上线的需求邮件中包含开发做好的WAR包--运维人员连接线上负载调度器Nginx-- 隔离一组服务器Tomcat-- 连接服务器Tomcat-- 备份旧代码tar打包-- 删除旧代码目录 -- 上传新的WAR包 -- 外网测试 -- 测试不通过则通过备份回滚代码 -- 测试通过则利用rsync的脚本推送代码到其他服务器-- 统一外网测试 --连接调度器恢复隔离机制 -- 隔离另一组服务器实施上线步骤 -- 上线完成。
目前主流网站部署的流程
目前主流网站部署方法通过 Hudson/Jenkins 工具平台实现全自动部署测试是一个可扩展的持续集成引擎属于开源软件项目旨在提供一个开放易用的软件平台使软件的持续集成变成可能。Jenkins 非常易于安装和配置简单易用。
开发人员写好代码不需要自己进行源码编译、打包等工作直接将代码分支存放在 SVN、Git 仓库即可。 运维人员减轻人工干预的错误率同时解放运维人员繁杂的上传代码、手动备份、更新等操作。测试人员可以通过 Jenkins 进行简单的代码及网站测试。 Jenkins 的工作原理是先将源代码从 SVN/Git 版本控制系统中拷贝一份到本地然后根据设置的脚本调用Maven进行 build构建。整个系统的关键就是 build 脚本build 脚本告诉Jenkins 在一次集成中需要执行的任务。 所需工具提取链接https://pan.baidu.com/s/1N_HvY1WExW6yycI3udbnFw?pwd02yi 提取码02yi
实验环境 操作系统 IP地址 主机名 角色 CentOS7.5 192.168.2.121 gitgit服务器 CentOS7.5 192.168.2.122 Jenkins git客户端jenkins服务器 CentOS7.5 192.168.2.123 tomcat web服务器 所有主机关闭防火墙和selinux
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl stop firewalld
[rootlocalhost ~]# iptables -F
[rootlocalhost ~]# setenforce 0
1、配置git主机
# rpm安装安装依赖关系6和7都安
[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname gitclient
[rootlocalhost ~]# bash
[rootgitclient ~]# [rootgitclient ~]# yum -y install curl-devel expat-devel gettext-devel openssl-devel zlib-devel
# 编译安装—服务端和客户端访问https://mirrors.edge.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/下载所需要的版本
[rootgitclient ~]# tar xf git-2.22.0.tar.gz -C /usr/src/[rootgitclient ~]# cd /usr/src/git-2.22.0/[rootgitclient git-2.22.0]# make configure[rootgit git-2.22.0]# ./configure --prefix/usr/local/git make make install[rootgitclient git-2.22.0]# ln -sf /usr/local/git/bin/git /usr/bin/[rootgitclient git-2.22.0]# git --versiongit version 2.22.0[rootgitclient git-2.22.0]# cd
[rootgitclient ~]# useradd git
[rootgitclient ~]# echo 123456 | passwd --stdin git
更改用户 git 的密码 。
passwd所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。创建本地仓库probe
[rootgit ~]# su - git [gitgitclient ~]$ mkdir probe.git[gitgitclient ~]$ cd probe.git/[gitgitclient probe.git]$ git --bare init
已初始化空的 Git 仓库于 /home/git/probe.git/[gitgitclient probe.git]$ exit
exit克隆项目代码同步到自己创建的仓库中
[rootgitclient ~]# rz -E
rz waiting to receive.[rootgitclient ~]# tar xf psi-probe.tar.gz [rootgitclient ~]# git clone git192.168.2.121:/home/git/probe.git
正克隆到 probe...
git192.168.2.121s password: #密码为123456
warning: 您似乎克隆了一个空仓库。[rootgitclient ~]# cp -rf psi-probe/* probe/[rootgitclient ~]# cd probe/[rootgitclient probe]# git add .[rootgitclient probe]# git config --global user.email zch163.com[rootgitclient probe]# git config --global user.name zch[rootgitclient probe]# git commit -m all probe[rootgitclient probe]# git push origin master
git192.168.2.121s password: #密码为123456枚举对象: 1168, 完成.
对象计数中: 100% (1168/1168), 完成.
使用 2 个线程进行压缩
压缩对象中: 100% (1121/1121), 完成.
写入对象中: 100% (1168/1168), 2.02 MiB | 6.79 MiB/s, 完成.
总共 1168 差异 395复用 0 差异 0
To 192.168.2.117:/home/git/probe.git* [new branch] master - master2、配置jenkins主机
1添加验证凭据 凭证这里添不添加都可以这个试验不牵扯到凭证 在凭据页面中点击“system”跳转到“系统”页面。点击左侧导航栏中“添加域”
跳转到“添加域”页面。在该页面创建域名为“crushlinux”并点击“ok”完成配置。 “添加凭据”。 填写以上数据后点击“确定”就可以查看到新增的远程 web 主机账号。 2添加 Publish Over SSH 远程主机 在 Jenkins 首页中点击“Manage Jenkins”-“Configure System”-“Publish over SSH”-“SSH Servers”-“增加”选项按钮添加 SSH 远程主机。如图 3.13 所示输入 Name、Hostname、Username 等必要信息后点击“高级”选项按钮-勾选“Use Password authentication,or use a different key”选项-输入“远程主机登录密码”-“Test Configuration”测试远程主机配置。测试远程主机配置成功后点击“保存”按钮即可。 3配置 Maven、JDK、Git 环境 在 Jenkins 首页中点击“Manage Jenkins”-“Global Tool Configuration”-“JDK” -新增“JDK”设置 JDK 别名为”JDK17”。去掉“Install automatically”选项设置 “JAVA_HOME”为本案例中 JDK 实际安装路径。
/usr/local/java 在Jenkins安装maven
[rootjenkins ~]# rz -E #上传apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz
rz waiting to receive.[rootjenkins ~]# tar xf apache-maven-3.5.0-bin.tar.gz [rootjenkins ~]# mv apache-maven-3.5.0 /usr/local/maven-3.5.0为maven更换阿里云镜像站
[rootjenkins ~]# vim /usr/local/maven-3.5.0/conf/settings.xml
#删除两个mirrors中的所有东西大概12行把下面的阿里云镜像站添加到两个mirrors中mirroridnexus-aliyun/idmirrorOfcentral/mirrorOfnameNexus aliyun/nameurlhttp://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/url/mirror最后达到的效果 在“Global Tool Configuration”配置界面中找到 Maven 配置选项然后点击“新增 Maven”并设置别名为“Maven3.5”。 Git 配置
[rootjenkins ~]# which git
/usr/bin/git 以上全局基本配置完毕后点击保存即可完成。
3、配置web主机
[roottomcat ~]# tar xf apache-tomcat-8.5.40.tar.gz
[roottomcat ~]# tar xf jdk-8u191-linux-x64.tar.gz
[roottomcat ~]# mv jdk1.8.0_191/ /usr/local/java
[roottomcat ~]# mv apache-tomcat-8.5.40 /usr/local/tomcat
[roottomcat ~]# vim /etc/profileexport JAVA_HOME/usr/local/java/
export CLASSPATH$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar
export PATH$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH[roottomcat ~]# source /etc/profile[roottomcat ~]# java -versionjava version 1.8.0_191
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_191-b12)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.191-b12, mixed mode)发布公钥给jenkins主机
[roottomcat ~]# ssh-keygen
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:2oIK3dABtlQQWpoUbeRl/xGhb9BCgVpxHy1ExGxkkw roottomcat
The keys randomart image is:
---[RSA 2048]----
| o.o.Eo* |
|.B.o *.o |
| o.....B |
| . .. * o . |
| . . .S |
| . o . o. |
|. . o o . |
| . . . |
| . |
----[SHA256]-----[roottomcat ~]# ssh-copy-id 192.168.2.122
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The authenticity of host 192.168.2.122 (192.168.2.122) cant be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:RG6SwP4IEdCtwZTqmw5B3lW7k3e06TBVBtpIQQhXXU8.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:30:ae:c1:97:d5:fd:9f:ca:6b:36:a1:6d:e3:b7:06:d2.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
root192.168.2.122s password: Number of key(s) added: 1Now try logging into the machine, with: ssh 192.168.2.122
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
主机Jenkins默认用jenkins用户去连接git所以用jenkins用户生成密钥对并发送给git。
[rootjenkins ~]# id jenkinsuid997(jenkins) gid995(jenkins) 组995(jenkins)[rootjenkins ~]# su -s /bin/bash jenkinsbash-4.2$ ssh-keygen #生成密钥Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/var/lib/jenkins/.ssh/id_rsa):
Created directory /var/lib/jenkins/.ssh.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /var/lib/jenkins/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /var/lib/jenkins/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:TXyhCWBXN2DJk1/wZGz6ltw3XPqlshRVa7L6iLpt0ME jenkinsjenkins
The keys randomart image is:
---[RSA 2048]----
| o.oooo .|
| . . *..|
| . o.oo |
| E .o. .|
| S o ...|
| . . ..*o|
| . ... o|
| .... . .|
| oo .. |
----[SHA256]-----bash-4.2$ ssh-copy-id git192.168.2.121 #发送密钥/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: /var/lib/jenkins/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The authenticity of host 192.168.2.121 (192.168.2.121) cant be established.
ECDSA key fingerprint is SHA256:a7IpGawJCffvD7q1hMT/WIPZT/Bm9Qhy8NxapJa1GA.
ECDSA key fingerprint is MD5:a6:56:1e:0c:59:62:fa:bf:f5:9b:77:d5:f0:0c:65:5d.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no)? yes
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
git192.168.2.121s password: Number of key(s) added: 1Now try logging into the machine, with: ssh git192.168.2.121
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.bash-4.2$ ssh git192.168.2.121 #登录测试Last failed login: Tue Aug 22 15:06:36 CST 2023 on ssh:notty
There were 2 failed login attempts since the last successful login.
Last login: Tue Aug 22 14:58:26 2023[gitgitclient ~]$ exit
登出
Connection to 192.168.2.121 closed.bash-4.2$ exit
exit[rootjenkins ~]# ssh-keygen #生成密钥Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa):
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):
Enter same passphrase again:
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:t92j/vRv35XZWWmEpkdGebNRy7oyFzWwz1oDnYT6rSA rootjenkins
The keys randomart image is:
---[RSA 2048]----
| oo.o|
| .oBo|
| .B.O|
| . B.o|
| S ....B.|
| E .o*.B|
| oooo|
| o|
| .o...B|
----[SHA256]-----[rootjenkins ~]# ssh-copy-id git192.168.2.121 #发送密钥/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: Source of key(s) to be installed: /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: attempting to log in with the new key(s), to filter out any that are already installed
/usr/bin/ssh-copy-id: INFO: 1 key(s) remain to be installed -- if you are prompted now it is to install the new keys
git192.168.2.121s password: Number of key(s) added: 1Now try logging into the machine, with: ssh git192.168.2.121
and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.[rootjenkins ~]# ssh git192.168.2.121 #登陆测试Last login: Tue Aug 22 16:31:43 2023
[gitgitclient ~]$ exit
登出
Connection to 192.168.2.121 closed.4、新建Maven项目 在以上配置完成后回到 Jenkins 首页选择“新建任务”然后输入一个任务名称 “probe”并选中“Maven project”点击当前页面下方的“确定”按钮。 在点击“确定”按钮后选择“源码管理”选中“Git”,配置“RepositoriesURL”为
git192.168.2.121:/home/git/probe.git 选择“Build”
clean package -Dmaven.test.skiptrue 选择“构建后操作“中的“send build artfacts over SSH” “Exec command”中执行命令的含义是:在自动部署前先杀掉 Tomcat 进程然后删除 war 包用 scp 远程拷贝命令将 Jenkins 自动打包好的项目 war 包拷贝到当前 Tomcat 应用目录。 然后重启 Tomcat 。
scp 192.168.2.122:/root/.jenkins/workspace/proble/psi-probe-web/target/probe.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
/usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 以上全部配置完成后点击保存即可。然后点击刚才创建的“probe”-“Build Now” 直至项目构建完成。构建过程可以在“控制台输出”中查看到。 5、验证 Jenkins 自动打包部署结果
在web主机上查看 probe 目录是否被拷贝到/usr/local/tomcat/webapps 目录下
[roottomcat ~]# ls /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/
docs examples host-manager manager probe probe.war ROOT
[roottomcat ~]# ll /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/probe
总用量 20
drwxr-x---. 3 root root 66 8月 24 14:04 css
drwxr-x---. 2 root root 8192 8月 24 14:04 flags
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 536 8月 24 11:34 index.jsp
drwxr-x---. 3 root root 148 8月 24 14:04 js
drwxr-x---. 3 root root 76 8月 24 14:04 META-INF
drwxr-x---. 6 root root 4096 8月 24 14:04 WEB-INF从以上结果来看Jenkins 已把打好的 probe war 包拷贝过来了。
从构建后的执行命令可以看出Tomcat 已经重新启动通过浏览器访问测试 probe 监控系统。http://192.168.2.123:8080/probe。 [roottomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/conf/tomcat-users.xmlrole rolenamemanager-gui/role rolenameadmin-gui/user usernametomcat passwordtomcat rolesmanager-gui,admin-gui/
/tomcat-users # 在此行前加入上面三行 [roottomcat ~]# vim /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
!-- Valve classNameorg.apache.catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValveallow127\.\d\.\d\.\d|::1|0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1 / --[roottomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/shutdown.sh
[roottomcat ~]# /usr/local/tomcat/bin/startup.sh 至此Jenkins 自动打包部署完毕。
