dw是做网站的软件吗,信息流优化师,海口网,咖啡建设网站的目的系统环境#xff1a; Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga) 64位 Tomcat下载 从官方网站 http://tomcat.apache.org/下载你需要的Tomcat版本#xff0c;目前Tomcat主要版本有Tomcat 6.0、Tomcat 7.0、Tomcat 8.0三个版本#xff0c;下面我们以6.0(6.0.39… 系统环境 Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.7 (Tikanga) 64位 Tomcat下载 从官方网站 http://tomcat.apache.org/下载你需要的Tomcat版本目前Tomcat主要版本有Tomcat 6.0、Tomcat 7.0、Tomcat 8.0三个版本下面我们以6.0(6.0.39)版本为例 下载URL地址http://tomcat.apache.org/download-60.cgi 如果你需要下载Tomcat 6.0下的其它版本点击链接地址“Archives“ http://archive.apache.org/dist/tomcat/tomcat-6/ 即可查看到你需要的版本。 Tomcat安装 Step 1安装配置JDK 关于JDK的安装配置细节可以参考我以前的博客lRedhat Linux安装JDK 1.7JDK最好选择合适的版本这里我为了方便省事就安装了JDK1.7. 1: [rootDB-Server tmp]# chmod x jdk-7u25-linux-x64.rpm 2: 3: [rootDB-Server tmp]# rpm -ivh jdk-7u25-linux-x64.rpm 4: Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 5: 1:jdk ########################################### [100%] 6: Unpacking JAR files... 7: rt.jar... 8: jsse.jar... 9: charsets.jar... 10: tools.jar... 11: localedata.jar... 12: [rootDB-Server tmp]# cd /usr/java/ 配置环境变量在etc/profile文件下添加 export JAVA_HOME/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 export CLASSPATH/usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25/lib export PATH$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH 1: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# vi /etc/profile 2: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# source /etc/profile --生效修改配置信息 3: 4: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# echo $JAVA_HOME 5: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 6: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# echo $CLASSPATH 7: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25/lib 8: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# java -version 9: java version 1.7.0_25 10: Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.7.0_25-b15) 11: Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 23.25-b01, mixed mode) 12: [rootDB-Server jdk1.7.0_25]# Step 2安装Tomcat 1: [rootDB-Server tmp]#tar zxvf apach-tomcat-6.0.16.tar.gz 2: 3: [rootDB-Server tmp]#mkdir /usr/local/tomcat 4: 5: [rootDB-Server tmp]# mv apache-tomcat-6.0.39 /usr/local/ tomcat 6: 7: 8: [rootDB-Server tomcat]# vi /etc/profile 9: 10: export TOMCAT_HOME/usr/local/tomcat 11: 12: 13: [rootDB-Server tomcat]# source /etc/profile 14: [rootDB-Server tomcat]# echo $TOMCAT_HOME 15: /usr/local/tomcat 16: 17: 18: [rootDB-Server bin]# pwd 19: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin 20: [rootDB-Server bin]# ./startup.sh 21: Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 22: Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 23: Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp 24: Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 25: Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar 如果需要指定Tomcat在某个账号下运行或管理则可以通过下面脚本例如我要创建一个tomcat的账号 1: [rootDB-Server ~]# groupadd tomcat 2: 3: [rootDB-Server ~]# useradd -g tomcat -d /home/tomcat -u 502 tomcat 4: 5: Creating mailbox file: File exists 6: 7: [rootDB-Server tomcat]# chown -Rf tomcat.tomcat /usr/local/tomcat/ 8: 9: [rootDB-Server tomcat]#passwd tomcat 10: 11: Changing password for user tomcat. 12: 13: New UNIX password: 14: 15: Retype new UNIX password: 16: 17: passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully. 在浏览器里面输入http://localhost:8080/ 默认端口为8080,可以修改该端口号 验证Tomcat是否安装成功如果安装成功则会看到Tomcat的index.jsp并证明Tomcat启动成功了 Tomcat配置 关于Tomcat的目录结构可以参考下面简单的描述 [rootDB-Server apache-tomcat-6.0.39]# ls bin lib logs RELEASE-NOTES temp work conf LICENSE NOTICE RUNNING.txt webapps 主目录下面有bin、lib等目录 bin 存放Tomcat启动、停止服务程序以及一些其他脚本程序 lib 存放Tomcat运行需要的jar包 log 存放Tomcat运行的相关日志文件 conf 存放Tomcat配置文件。例如server.xml 、 web.xml等 temp 存放Tomcat运行的临时文件。 webapps Web应用的发布目录默认情况下把Web应用文件放于此目录。 work Tomcat的工作目录默认情况下把编译JSP文件生成的servlet类文件放于此目录下 1启动Tomcat服务 1: [rootDB-Server bin]# ./startup.sh 2: 3: Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 4: 5: Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 6: 7: Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp 8: 9: Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 10: 11: Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar 2关闭Tomcat服务 1: [rootDB-Server bin]# ./shutdown.sh 2: 3: Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 4: 5: Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 6: 7: Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp 8: 9: Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 10: 11: Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar 12: 13: [rootDB-Server bin]# 3查看Tomcat版本 有时候如果当你接手去管理Tomcat, 可能你要了解一下Tomcat的版本信息以及配置那么怎么查看呢去Tomcat的主目录下的bin目录下执行version.sh,你就能查看到很多详细信息。 1: [rootDB-Server bin]# ./version.sh 2: 3: Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 4: 5: Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 6: 7: Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp 8: 9: Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.7.0_25 10: 11: Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar 12: 13: Server version: Apache Tomcat/6.0.39 14: 15: Server built: Jan 27 2014 10:40:33 16: 17: Server number: 6.0.39.0 18: 19: OS Name: Linux 20: 21: OS Version: 2.6.18-274.el5 22: 23: Architecture: amd64 24: 25: JVM Version: 1.7.0_25-b15 26: 27: JVM Vendor: Oracle Corporation 28: 4设置管理密码 如果你要进入Tomcat的管理页面http://localhost:8080/manager/html 这时会弹出下面认证界面需要你输入用户名和密码如果你没有配置过或者你忘了用户名、密码那么应该找那个配置文件呢其实你都可以通过配置文件tomcat-users.xml 来解决 1: [rootDB-Server conf]# more tomcat-users.xml 2: 3: xml version1.0 encodingutf-8? 4: 5: -- 6: 7: Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 8: 9: contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with 10: 11: this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. 12: 13: The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 14: 15: (the License); you may not use this file except in compliance with 16: 17: the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at 18: 19: http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 20: 21: Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 22: 23: distributed under the License is distributed on an AS IS BASIS, 24: 25: WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 26: 27: See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 28: 29: limitations under the License. 30: 31: 32: 33: omcat-users 34: 35: -- 36: 37: NOTE: By default, no user is included in the manager-gui role required 38: 39: to operate the /manager/html web application. If you wish to use this app, 40: 41: you must define such a user - the username and password are arbitrary. 42: 43: 44: 45: -- 46: 47: NOTE: The sample user and role entries below are wrapped in a comment 48: 49: and thus are ignored when reading this file. Do not forget to remove 50: 51: !.. .. that surrounds them. 52: 53: 54: 55: -- 56: 57: role rolenametomcat/ 58: 59: role rolenamerole1/ 60: 61: user usernametomcat passwordtomcat rolestomcat/ 62: 63: user usernameboth passwordtomcat rolestomcat,role1/ 64: 65: user usernamerole1 passwordtomcat rolesrole1/ 66: 67: 68: 69: tomcat-users 70: 修改配置文件前要养成首先备份一份配置文件的习惯以防需要回滚到最初设置时忘了自己修改过哪些配置。一般建议源文件日期bak [rootDB-Server conf]# cp tomcat-users.xml tomcat-users.xml.20130308.bak [rootDB-Server conf]# vi tomcat-users.xml role rolenameadmin / role rolenamemanager / user usernameadmin passwordQwe!23 rolesadmin,manager / 修改了配置信息后一般需要重新启动一下Tomcat才能生效否则依然进入不了管理界面 Tomcat 7 下与Tomcat 6 稍有不同如下所示 role rolenameadmin-gui/ role rolenamemanager-gui/ user usernameadmin passwordxxxx rolesadmin-gui , manager-gui / 5修改Tomcat的默认端口 有时候由于特性情况需要修改Tomcat的默认端口8080例如端口号被其它应用程序占用了等这时你需要修改server.xml在里面 找到如下图所示地方修改为port的值。注意修改后需要重启Tomcat服务。 6修改Tomcat使用的JDK 首先我们先安装JDK1.6如下所示 1: [rootDB-Server tmp]# chmod x jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin 2: [rootDB-Server tmp]# ./jdk-6u31-linux-x64-rpm.bin 3: Unpacking... 4: Checksumming... 5: Extracting... 6: UnZipSFX 5.50 of 17 February 2002, by Info-ZIP (Zip-Bugslists.wku.edu). 7: inflating: jdk-6u31-linux-amd64.rpm 8: inflating: sun-javadb-common-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 9: inflating: sun-javadb-core-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 10: inflating: sun-javadb-client-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 11: inflating: sun-javadb-demo-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 12: inflating: sun-javadb-docs-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 13: inflating: sun-javadb-javadoc-10.6.2-1.1.i386.rpm 14: Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 15: 1:jdk ########################################### [100%] 16: Unpacking JAR files... 17: rt.jar... 18: jsse.jar... 19: charsets.jar... 20: tools.jar... 21: localedata.jar... 22: plugin.jar... 23: javaws.jar... 24: deploy.jar... 25: Installing JavaDB 26: Preparing... ########################################### [100%] 27: 1:sun-javadb-common ########################################### [ 17%] 28: 2:sun-javadb-core ########################################### [ 33%] 29: 3:sun-javadb-client ########################################### [ 50%] 30: 4:sun-javadb-demo ########################################### [ 67%] 31: 5:sun-javadb-docs ########################################### [ 83%] 32: 6:sun-javadb-javadoc ########################################### [100%] 33: Java(TM) SE Development Kit 6 successfully installed. 34: Product Registration is FREE and includes many benefits: 35: * Notification of new versions, patches, and updates 36: * Special offers on Oracle products, services and training 37: * Access to early releases and documentation 38: Product and system data will be collected. If your configuration 39: supports a browser, the JDK Product Registration form will 40: be presented. If you do not register, none of this information 41: will be saved. You may also register your JDK later by 42: opening the register.html file (located in the JDK installation 43: directory) in a browser. 44: For more information on what data Registration collects and 45: how it is managed and used, see: 46: http://java.sun.com/javase/registration/JDKRegistrationPrivacy.html 47: Press Enter to continue..... 48: 49: Done. 修改catalina.sh增加export JAVA_HOME/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31即可。如下所示似乎不用重启Tomcat使用的JDK就改为了jdk1.6 [rootDB-Server bin]# ./shutdown.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31 Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar [rootDB-Server bin]# ./startup.sh Using CATALINA_BASE: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 Using CATALINA_HOME: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39 Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/temp Using JRE_HOME: /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31 Using CLASSPATH: /usr/local/tomcat/apache-tomcat-6.0.39/bin/bootstrap.jar [rootDB-Server bin]# 另外似乎网上也有文章介绍在文件setclasspath.sh下加入export JAVA_HOME/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31 设置即可那种比较合理目前不得而知。 7Tomcat端口被占用分析 有时候明明Tomcat配置OKTomcat服务启动正常但是打开页面的时候出错。这时可能是Tomat端口被占用了你可以查看一下那些程序占用了Tomcat的端口 [rootDB-Server bin]# netstat -an | grep 8080 [rootDB-Server bin]# netstat -apn | grep 8080 一般你也会在catalina.out日志里面找到”SEVERE: Error initializing endpoint java.net.BindException: Permission deniednull:8080“之类的错误。 1: [rootDB-Server logs]$ more catalina.out 2: Mar 4, 2014 4:22:14 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init 3: INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the ja 4: va.library.path: /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_31/jre/../lib/amd 5: 64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib 6: Mar 4, 2014 4:22:15 PM org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol init 7: SEVERE: Error initializing endpoint 8: java.net.BindException: Permission deniednull:8080 9: at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint.init(JIoEndpoint.java:502) 10: at org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Protocol.init(Http11Protocol.java:176) 11: at org.apache.catalina.connector.Connector.initialize(Connector.java:1058) 12: at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.initialize(StandardService.java:677) 13: at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardServer.initialize(StandardServer.java:795) 14: at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:530) 15: at org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load(Catalina.java:550) 16: at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) 17: at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) 18: at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) 19: at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) 20: at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.load(Bootstrap.java:260) 21: at org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap.main(Bootstrap.java:412) 22: Mar 4, 2014 4:22:15 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load 23: SEVERE: Catalina.start 这时要么修改Tomcat的默认端口号要么修改其它应用程序的端口号。 Tomcat卸载 Tomcat的卸载非常简单只需要将Tomcat的CATALINA_BASE目录删除然后删除一些环境变量即可。 [rootDB-Server ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/tomcat/转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/kerrycode/p/3588816.html
