html网站开发 工具,哪里有培训网,江门关键词优化排名,wordpress不能全屏创建逻辑卷组#xff1a;一、将扩展的硬盘分区新加一块SCSI硬盘#xff0c;需要将其分成三个区#xff1a;代码:#fdisk /dev/sdb进入fdisk模式#xff1a;Command (m for help):p //查看新硬盘的分区Command (m for help):n //创建新分区可以用m命令来看fdisk命令的内部命…创建逻辑卷组一、将扩展的硬盘分区新加一块SCSI硬盘需要将其分成三个区代码:#fdisk /dev/sdb进入fdisk模式Command (m for help):p //查看新硬盘的分区Command (m for help):n //创建新分区可以用m命令来看fdisk命令的内部命令n命令创建一个新分区d命令删除一个存在的分区p命令显示分区列表t命令修改分区的类型ID号l命令显示分区ID号的列表a命令指定启动分区w命令是将对分区表的修改存盘让它发生作用。Command actione extended //输入e为创建扩展分区p primary partition (1-4) //输入p为创建主分区这里我们选择pPartion number(1-4)1 //第一个扩展分区按你需求可以最多分4个主分区First Cylinder(1-1014,default 1): 1 //第一个主分区起始的磁盘块数Last cylindet or siza or sizeM or sizeK: 1024MB //可以是以MB为单位的数字或者以磁盘块数这里我们输入1024MB表示分区大小为1G。这样我们就创建完一个分区如果要创建更多分区可以照上面的步骤继续创建。创建完后用w保存分区。代码:Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.Syncing disks.#partprobe //不用重启可使以上操作生效。这样就分区完我们还要进行格式化代码:#mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1 //如果有多个分区则分区修改为sdb2这样二、创建逻辑卷的步骤1)通过pvcreate命令将linux分区处理成物理卷(PV)2)通过vgcreate命令将创建好的物理卷处理成卷组(Vg)3)通过lvcreate命令将卷组分成若干个逻辑卷(Lv)之后我们可以对逻辑卷进行格式化挂载删除等操作我们可以动态的调整逻辑卷的大小并且该操作不会影响我们在逻辑卷(Lv)上的数据。三、物理卷创建管理操作1)pvcreate创建物理卷(把普通Linux分区变成物理卷)格式pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3...}———————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# [rootstation1 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2,3,5,6,7}Physical volume /dev/sdb3 successfully createdPhysical volume /dev/sdb5 successfully createdPhysical volume /dev/sdb6 successfully createdPhysical volume /dev/sdb7 successfully created————————————————————————————————2)pvscan查看物理卷信息会显示所有物理卷的情况。格式pvscan————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sdb1 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb2 lvm2 [964.84 MB]PV /dev/sdb3 lvm2 [964.84 MB]PV /dev/sdb5 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb6 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb7 lvm2 [964.81 MB]Total: 6 [5.65 GB] / in use: 0 [0 ] / in no VG: 6 [5.65 GB]————————————————————————————————3)pvdisplay查看各个物理卷的详细参数格式pvdisplay [/dev/sdb{1,2,3...}]不跟参数则显示所有的物理卷信息[rootstation1 ~]# pvdisplay /dev/sdb1/dev/sdb1 is a new physical volume of 964.81 MB--- NEW Physical volume ---PV Name /dev/sdb1VG NamePV Size 964.81 MBAllocatable NOPE Size (KByte) 0Total PE 0Free PE 0Allocated PE 0PV UUID FKaYKk-d46E-KHCQ-WRnn-jUUE-Cd1d-mM8mPN————————————————————————————————4)pvremove删除物理卷当物理卷里的扩展快没有被使用时可以删除。格式pvremove /dev/sdb5——————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sdb7 VG vg1 lvm2 [960.00 MB / 960.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb1 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb3 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb5 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb6 lvm2 [964.81 MB]Total: 6 [5.65 GB] / in use: 4 [3.76 GB] / in no VG: 2 [1.88 GB][rootstation1 ~]# pvremove /dev/sdb5Labels on physical volume /dev/sdb5 successfully wiped[rootstation1 ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sdb7 VG vg1 lvm2 [960.00 MB / 960.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb1 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb3 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb6 lvm2 [964.81 MB]Total: 5 [4.70 GB] / in use: 4 [3.76 GB] / in no VG: 1 [964.81 MB]————————————————————————————————四卷组的创建管理1)vgcreate创建卷组格式vgcreate [-s 8M|16M|...] vg0 /dev/sdb{1,2,3...}-s指定扩展块(PE)的大小默认为4MB(相当与磁盘上的簇扩展逻辑卷的基本单位。后面的值可以是8M 16M 32M 64M .....最多65532个扩展块。vg0新创建的卷组的名字。/dev/sdb{1,2,3...}需要的物理卷可以写多个————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# vgcreate vg0 /dev/sdb{1,2,3}Volume group vg0 successfully created————————————————————————————————2)vgdisplay查看各个卷组的详细参数格式vgdisplay /dev/vg0————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# vgdisplay /dev/vg0--- Volume group ---VG Name vg0System IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 3Metadata Sequence No 1VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableCur PV 3Act PV 3VG Size 2.82 GBPE Size 4.00 MB //扩展快大小 默认4MBTotal PE 723Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0Free PE / Size 723 / 2.82 GBVG UUID w4q8ET-UBLY-rHwg-2ZVv-NOw4-dd1e-1ABr2f[rootstation1 ~]# vgcreate -s 16M vg1 /dev/sdb{5,6,7}Volume group vg1 successfully created[rootstation1 ~]# vgdisplay /dev/vg1--- Volume group ---VG Name vg1System IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 3Metadata Sequence No 1VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableCur PV 3Act PV 3VG Size 2.81 GBPE Size 16.00 MB //指定扩展块大小为16MBTotal PE 180Alloc PE / Size 0 / 0Free PE / Size 180 / 2.81 GBVG UUID x97eh2-JYxW-4Ygh-5axx-TquS-0vxR-YdFyJ1———————————————————————————————————3)vgscan查看卷组的信息格式vgsacn————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# vgscanFound volume group vg1 using metadata type lvm2Found volume group vg0 using metadata type lvm2—————————————————————————————————4)vgreduce缩小卷组把物理卷重卷组中删除。格式vgreduce vg0 /dev/sdb3——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# vgreduce vg0 /dev/sdb3Removed /dev/sdb3 from volume group vg0——————————————————————————————————4)vgextend扩展卷组把某个物理卷添加到卷组中。格式vgextend vg0 /dev/sdb2将物理卷/dev/sdb2添加到vg0卷组——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# vgextend vg0 /dev/sdb3Volume group vg0 successfully extended——————————————————————————————————5)vgremove删除卷组格式vgremove /dev/vg1——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sdb7 VG vg1 lvm2 [960.00 MB / 960.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb5 VG vg1 lvm2 [960.00 MB / 960.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb6 VG vg1 lvm2 [960.00 MB / 960.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb1 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb3 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]Total: 6 [5.64 GB] / in use: 6 [5.64 GB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ][rootstation1 ~]# vgremove /dev/vg1Volume group vg1 successfully removed[rootstation1 ~]# pvscanPV /dev/sdb1 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb2 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb3 VG vg0 lvm2 [964.00 MB / 964.00 MB free]PV /dev/sdb5 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb6 lvm2 [964.81 MB]PV /dev/sdb7 lvm2 [964.81 MB]Total: 6 [5.65 GB] / in use: 3 [2.82 GB] / in no VG: 3 [2.83 GB]——————————————————————————————————五、逻辑卷的创建及管理1)lvcreate创建逻辑卷命令格式1lvcreate -L 512M -n data vg0-L 512M设置逻辑卷的大小为512M。-n data设置逻辑卷的名字为data表示法/dev/卷组名/datavg0设置是有那个卷组生成的逻辑卷。——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvcreate -L 1000M -n data vg0Logical volume data created//创建一个容量为1000MB的逻辑卷data——————————————————————————————————格式2lvcreate -l 32 -n data vg0-l 32生成的逻辑卷使用32个扩展块逻辑卷大小32*PE(默认4M)则为128M-n data逻辑卷的名字vg0设置是有那个卷组生成的逻辑卷。——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvcreate -l 32 -n data128 vg0Logical volume data128 created//创建一个32个扩展块容量为32*4128MB的逻辑卷data128——————————————————————————————————2)格式化逻辑卷mkfs.ext3 /dev/vg0/data3)lvsacn查看逻辑卷的信息¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬¬——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE /dev/vg0/data [1000.00 MB] inherit——————————————————————————————————4)lvdisplay查看逻辑卷的具体参数——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvdisplay /dev/vg0/data--- Logical volume ---LV Name /dev/vg0/dataVG Name vg0LV UUID 9Od1nq-cHmY-MlrL-vgXW-7Kam-pAfU-Qc8malLV Write Access read/writeLV Status available# open 0LV Size 1000.00 MBCurrent LE 250Segments 2Allocation inheritRead ahead sectors auto- currently set to 256Block device 253:0——————————————————————————————————3)增大逻辑卷大小lvextend命令增大逻辑卷大小格式lvextend -L 100M /dev/vg0/data——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvextend -L 1000M /dev/vg0/dataExtending logical volume data to 1.95 GBLogical volume data successfully resized——————————————————————————————————resize2fs /dev/vg0/data使上面增加的立即生效。——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/dataresize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)Resizing the filesystem on /dev/vg0/data to 512000 (4k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/vg0/data is now 512000 blocks long.[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE /dev/vg0/data [1.95 GB] inherit——————————————————————————————————4)减少逻辑卷大小lvreduce命令减少逻辑卷大小格式Lvreduce -L -100M /dev/vg0/data——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvreduce -L -1000M /dev/vg0/dataWARNING: Reducing active logical volume to 1000.00 MBTHIS MAY DESTROY YOUR DATA (filesystem etc.)Do you really want to reduce data? [y/n]: yReducing logical volume data to 1000.00 MBLogical volume data successfully resized——————————————————————————————————resize2fs /dev/vg0/data使上面增加的立即生效。——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# resize2fs /dev/vg0/dataresize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)resize2fs: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/vg0/dataCouldnt find valid filesystem superblock.[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE /dev/vg0/data [1000.00 MB] inheritACTIVE /dev/vg0/data128 [128.00 MB] inherit——————————————————————————————————5)lvremove删除逻辑卷格式lvremove /dev/卷组名/逻辑卷名——————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvremove /dev/vg0/data128Do you really want to remove active logical volume data128? [y/n]: yLogical volume data128 successfully removed[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE /dev/vg0/data [1000.00 MB] inherit——————————————————————————————————六、LVM的快照1)快照的创建Lvcreate -l 64 -s -n databackup /dev/vg0/data-l 64之前我们已经说过了这里是64个扩展块总容量64*单扩展块大小-n databackup生成的快照的名字。/dev/vg0/data源逻辑卷名字。————————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE /dev/vg0/data [1000.00 MB] inherit[rootstation1 ~]# lvcreate -L 1000M -s -n databackup /dev/vg0/dataLogical volume databackup created[rootstation1 ~]# lvscanACTIVE Original /dev/vg0/data [1000.00 MB] inheritACTIVE Snapshot /dev/vg0/databackup [1000.00 MB] inherit————————————————————————————————————2)快照的删除lvremove /dev/vg0/databackup————————————————————————————————————[rootstation1 ~]# lvremove /dev/vg0/databackupDo you really want to remove active logical volume databackup? [y/n]: yLogical volume databackup successfully removed————————————————————————————————————七、挂载将新分的卷挂载在需要挂载的目录下格式mount /dev// /要挂载的点Mkdir –p /tmp/123//建挂载点在/tmp/123下挂载# Mount /dev/VolGroup0/data /tmp/123设置永久挂载# vi /etc/fstab/dev/VolGroup0/data /tmp/123 ext3defaults 1 2Mout可以查看文件系统格式八、总结创建逻辑卷的顺序Linux分区---物理卷---卷组---逻辑卷删除逻辑卷的顺序逻辑卷---卷组----物理卷---Linux分区--查看卷组的命令,可以看到总磁盘空间剩余空间[rootlocalhost ~]# vgdisplay--- Volume group ---VG Name VolGroup00System IDFormat lvm2Metadata Areas 1Metadata Sequence No 18VG Access read/writeVG Status resizableMAX LV 0Cur LV 8Open LV 8Max PV 0Cur PV 1Act PV 1VG Size 837.09 GBPE Size 32.00 MBTotal PE 26787Alloc PE / Size 21417 / 669.28 GBFree PE / Size 5370 / 167.81 GBVG UUIDdM0jwy-1nGJ-FMY1-0I4P-E9BF-bFcb-MKk0cv--检查文件系统的磁盘空间占用情况[rootlocalhost ~]# df -h /u04文件系统容量已用可用 已用%挂载点/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u0449G 43G3.3G 93% /u04--扩展逻辑卷大小[rootlocalhost ~]# lvextend -L 50G /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u04Extending logical volume u04 to 99.03 GBLogical volume u04 successfully resized--重新定义ext2,ext3或者是ext4文件系统[rootlocalhost ~]# resize2fs /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u04resize2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)Filesystem at /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u04 is mounted on /u04; on-line resizing requiredPerforming an on-line resize of /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u04 to 25960448 (4k) blocks.The filesystem on /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u04 is now 25960448 blocks long.[rootlocalhost ~]# df -h /u04文件系统容量已用可用 已用%挂载点/dev/mapper/VolGroup00-u0498G 43G50G 47% /u04
