芷江建设工程招投标网站,收录网址教程,seo高级优化技巧,wordpress登录判断mkimage使用详解 uboot源代码的tools/目录下有mkimage工具#xff0c;这个工具可以用来制作不压缩或者压缩的多种可启动映象文件。 mkimage在制作映象文件的时候#xff0c;是在原来的可执行映象文件的前面加上一个0x40字节的头#xff0c;记录参数所指定的信息#xff0c…mkimage使用详解 uboot源代码的tools/目录下有mkimage工具这个工具可以用来制作不压缩或者压缩的多种可启动映象文件。 mkimage在制作映象文件的时候是在原来的可执行映象文件的前面加上一个0x40字节的头记录参数所指定的信息这样uboot才能识别这个映象是针对哪个CPU体系结构的哪个OS的哪种类型加载内存中的哪个位置 入口点在内存的那个位置以及映象名是什么 rootGlym:/tftpboot# ./mkimage Usage: ./mkimage -l image -l list image header information ./mkimage -A arch -O os -T type -C comp -a addr -e ep -n name -d data_file[:data_file...] image -A set architecture to arch -O set operating system to os -T set image type to type -C set compression type comp -a set load address to addr (hex) -e set entry point to ep (hex) -n set image name to name -d use image data from datafile -x set XIP (execute in place) 参数说明 -A 指定CPU的体系结构 取值 表示的体系结构 alpha Alpha arm A RM x86 Intel x86 ia64 IA64 mips MIPS mips64 MIPS 64 Bit ppc PowerPC s390 IBM S390 sh SuperH sparc SPARC sparc64 SPARC 64 Bit m68k MC68000 -O 指定操作系统类型可以取以下值 openbsd、netbsd、freebsd、4_4bsd、linux、svr4、esix、solaris、irix、sco、dell、ncr、lynxos、vxworks、psos、qnx、u-boot、rtems、artos -T 指定映象类型可以取以下值 standalone、kernel、ramdisk、multi、firmware、、filesystem -C 指定映象压缩方式可以取以下值 none 不压缩 gzip 用gzip的压缩方式 bzip2 用bzip2的压缩方式 -a 指定映象在内存中的加载地址映象下载到内存中时要按照用mkimage制作映象时这个参数所指定的地址值来下载 -e 指定映象运行的入口点地址这个地址就是-a参数指定的值加上0x40因为前面有个mkimage添加的0x40个字节的头 -n 指定映象名 -d 指定制作映象的源文件
U-BOOT下使用bootm引导内核方法
一、在开始之前先说明一下bootm相关的东西。 1、 首先说明一下S3C2410架构下的bootm只对sdram中的内核镜像文件进行操作(好像AT91架构提供了一段从flash复制内核镜像的代码 不过针对s3c2410架构就没有这段代码虽然可以在u-boot下添加这段代码不过好像这个用处不大)所以请确保你的内核镜像下载到sdram 中或者在bootcmd下把flash中的内核镜像复制到sdram中。 2、-a参数后是内核的运行地址-e参数后是入口地址。 3、 1如果我们没用mkimage对内核进行处理的话那直接把内核下载到0x30008000再运行就行内核会自解压运行不过内核运行需要一个tag来传递参数而这个tag建议是由bootloader提供的在u-boot下默认是由bootm命令建立的。
2如果使用mkimage生成内核镜像文件的话会在内核的前头加上了64byte的信息供建立tag之用。bootm命令会首先判断bootm xxxx 这个指定的地址xxxx是否与-a指定的加载地址相同。 (1)如果不同的话会从这个地址开始提取出这个64byte的头部对其进行分析然后把去掉头部的内核复制到-a指定的load地址中去运行之 (2)如果相同的话那就让其原封不同的放在那但-e指定的入口地址会推后64byte以跳过这64byte的头部。 二、好接着介绍使用mkimage生成镜像文件并下载运行的方法。 方法一、 1、首先用u-boot/tools/mkimage这个工具为你的内核加上u-boot引导所需要的文件头具体做法如下 [rootlocalhost tftpboot]#mkimage -n linux-2.6.14 -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x30008000 -e 0x30008000 -d zImage zImage.img Image Name: linux-2.6.14 Created: Fri Jan 12 17:14:50 2007 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1262504 Bytes 1232.91 kB 1.20 MB Load Address: 0x30008000 Entry Point: 0x30008000 这里解释一下参数的意义 -A set architecture to arch -O set operating system to os -T set image type to type -C set compression type comp -a set load address to addr (hex) -e set entry point to ep (hex) -n set image name to name -d use image data from datafile -x set XIP (execute in place) 2 、下载内核 U-Boot 1.1.3 (Jan 12 2007 - 16:16:36) U-Boot code: 33F80000 - 33F9BAC0 BSS: - 33F9FBAC RAM Configuration: Bank #0: 30000000 64 MB Nor Flash: 512 kB Nand Flash: 64 MB In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 sbc2410tftp 0x31000000 zImage.img TFTP from server 192.168.1.115; our IP address is 192.168.1.128 Filename zImage.img. Load address: 0x31000000 Loading: ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# #################################################### done Bytes transferred 1263324 (1346dc hex) 3.运行 sbc2410bootm 0x31000000 ## Booting image at 31000000 ... Image Name: linun-2.6.14 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1263260 Bytes 1.2 MB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008000 Verifying Checksum ... OK OK Starting kernel ... Uncompressing Linux.............................................................Linux version 2.6.14 (rootluofuchong) (gcc version 3.4.1) #21 Fri Oct 20 17:206CPU: ARM920Tid(wb) [41129200] revision 0 (ARMv4T) Machine: SMDK2410 Memory policy: ECC disabled, Data cache writeback CPU S3C2410A (id 0x32410002) S3C2410: core 202.800 MHz, memory 101.400 MHz, peripheral 50.700 MHz S3C2410 Clocks, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics CLOCK: Slow mode (1.500 MHz), fast, MPLL on, UPLL on USB Control, (c) 2006 sbc2410 CPU0: D VIVT write-back cache CPU0: I cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets CPU0: D cache: 16384 bytes, associativity 64, 32 byte lines, 8 sets Built 1 zonelists Kernel command line: consolettySAC0 root/dev/nfs nfsroot192.168.1.115:/frienirq: clearing subpending status 00000002 PID hash table entries: 512 (order: 9, 8192 bytes) timer tcon00500000, tcnt a509, tcfg 00000200,00000000, usec 00001e4c Console: colour dummy device 80x30 Dentry cache hash table entries: 16384 (order: 4, 65536 bytes) Inode-cache hash table entries: 8192 (order: 3, 32768 bytes) Memory: 64MB 64MB total Memory: 62208KB available (1924K code, 529K data, 108K init) Mount-cache hash table entries: 512 CPU: Testing write buffer coherency: ok softlockup thread 0 started up. NET: Registered protocol family 16 S3C2410: Initialising architecture SCSI subsystem initialized usbcore: registered new driver usbfs usbcore: registered new driver hub S3C2410 DMA Driver, (c) 2003-2004 Simtec Electronics DMA channel 0 at c4800000, irq 33 DMA channel 1 at c4800040, irq 34 DMA channel 2 at c4800080, irq 35 DMA channel 3 at c48000c0, irq 36 NetWinder Floating Point Emulator V0.97 (double precision) devfs: 2004-01-31 Richard Gooch (rgoochatnf.csiro.au) devfs: devfs_debug: 0x0 devfs: boot_options: 0x1 yaffs Oct 18 2006 12:39:51 Installing. Console: switching to colour buffer device 30x40 fb0: s3c2410fb buffer device fb1: Virtual buffer device, using 1024K of video memory led driver initialized s3c2410 buttons successfully loaded s3c2410_serial0 at MMIO 0x50000000 (irq 70) is a S3C2410 s3c2410_serial1 at MMIO 0x50004000 (irq 73) is a S3C2410 s3c2410_serial2 at MMIO 0x50008000 (irq 76) is a S3C2410 io scheduler noop registered io scheduler anticipatory registered io scheduler deadline registered io scheduler cfq registered RAMDISK driver initialized: 16 RAM disks of 4096K size 1024 blocksize usbcore: registered new driver ub Cirrus Logic CS8900A driver for Linux (Modified for SMDK2410) eth0: CS8900A rev E at 0xe0000300 irq53, no eeprom , addr: 08: 0:3E:26:0A:5B S3C24XX NAND Driver, (c) 2004 Simtec Electronics s3c2410-nand: mapped registers at c4980000 s3c2410-nand: timing: Tacls 10ns, Twrph0 30ns, Twrph1 10ns NAND device: Manufacturer ID: 0xec, Chip ID: 0x76 (Samsung NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bi)Scanning device for bad blocks Bad eraseblock 1884 at 0x01d70000 Creating 4 MTD partitions on NAND 64MiB 3,3V 8-bit: 0x00000000-0x00020000 : vivi 0x00020000-0x00030000 : param 0x00030000-0x00200000 : kernel 0x00200000-0x04000000 : root usbmon: debugfs is not available s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: S3C24XX OHCI s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: new USB bus registered, assigned bus number 1 s3c2410-ohci s3c2410-ohci: irq 42, io mem 0x49000000 hub 1-0:1.0: USB hub found hub 1-0:1.0: 2 ports detected Initializing USB Mass Storage driver... usbcore: registered new driver usb-storage USB Mass Storage support registered. usbcore: registered new driver usbmouse drivers/usb/input/usbmouse.c: v1.6:USB HID Boot Protocol mouse driver mice: PS/2 mouse device common for all mice s3c2410 TouchScreen successfully loaded UDA1341 audio driver initialized NET: Registered protocol family 2 IP route cache hash table entries: 1024 (order: 0, 4096 bytes) TCP established hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) TCP bind hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes) TCP: Hash tables configured (established 4096 bind 4096) TCP reno registered TCP bic registered NET: Registered protocol family 1 IP-Config: Complete: deviceeth0, addr192.168.1.128, mask255.255.255.0, gw192.168.1.1, hostluofuchong, domain, nis-domain(none), bootserver192.168.1.1, rootserver192.168.1.115, rootpath Looking up port of RPC 100003/2 on 192.168.1.115 Looking up port of RPC 100005/1 on 192.168.1.115 VFS: Mounted root (nfs filesystem). Mounted devfs on /dev Freeing init memory: 108K init started: BusyBox v1.1.3 (2006.09.20-14:520000) multi-call binary Starting pid 696, console /dev/tts/0: /etc/init.d/rcS Please press Enter to activate this console. 方法二、 1、首先用u-boot/tools/mkimage这个工具为你的内核加上u-boot引导所需要的文件头具体做法如下 [rootlocalhost tftpboot]#mkimage -n linux-2.6.14 -A arm -O linux -T kernel -C none -a 0x30008000 -e 0x30008040 -d zImage zImage.img Image Name: linux-2.6.14 Created: Fri Jan 12 17:14:50 2007 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1262504 Bytes 1232.91 kB 1.20 MB Load Address: 0x30008000 Entry Point: 0x30008040
2 、下载内核 U-Boot 1.1.3 (Jan 12 2007 - 16:16:36) U-Boot code: 33F80000 - 33F9BAC0 BSS: - 33F9FBAC RAM Configuration: Bank #0: 30000000 64 MB Nor Flash: 512 kB Nand Flash: 64 MB In: serial Out: serial Err: serial Hit any key to stop autoboot: 0 sbc2410tftp 0x30008000 zImage.img TFTP from server 192.168.1.115; our IP address is 192.168.1.128 Filename zImage.img. Load address: 0x30008000 Loading: ################################################################# ################################################################# ################################################################# #################################################### done Bytes transferred 1263324 (1346dc hex) 3.运行 sbc2410bootm 0x30008000 ## Booting image at 30008000 ... Image Name: linux-2.6.14 Image Type: ARM Linux Kernel Image (uncompressed) Data Size: 1261056 Bytes 1.2 MB Load Address: 30008000 Entry Point: 30008040 Verifying Checksum ... OK XIP Kernel Image ... OK 内核启动信息省。。。。
