建网站费用明细,海口建设网站,石家庄新闻广播电台,建设工程信息网查询平台Git中的HEAD
HEAD^数字#xff1a;表示当前提交的父提交#xff0c;具体是第几个父提交通过数字指定#xff0c;HEAD^1第一个父提交#xff0c;该语法只
能用于合并(merge)的提交记录#xff0c;因为一个通过合并产生的commit对象才有多个父提交。
HEAD~数字#xff1…Git中的HEAD
HEAD^数字表示当前提交的父提交具体是第几个父提交通过数字指定HEAD^1第一个父提交该语法只
能用于合并(merge)的提交记录因为一个通过合并产生的commit对象才有多个父提交。
HEAD~数字(等同于HEAD^注意没有加数字)。表示当前提交的上一个提交具体是第几个提交通过数字指
定HEAD~1第一个提交。
HEAD^主要是控制merge之后回退的方向。
HEAD~主要是回退的步数。
# master分支
echo a a.txt
git add a.txt
git commit -m add a.txtecho b b.txt
git add b.txt
git commit -m add b.txtecho c c.txt
git add c.txt
git commit -m add c.txt$ git log --oneline
0cf861c (HEAD - master) add c.txt
ca0bb41 add b.txt
4976001 add a.txt# branch1分支
git checkout -b branch1echo a1 a.txt
git add a.txt
git commit -m update a.txtecho b1 b.txt
git add b.txt
git commit -m update b.txtecho c1 c.txt
git add c.txt
git commit -m update c.txt$ git log --oneline
d1cf0f9 (HEAD - branch1) update c.txt
5def268 update b.txt
007a512 update a.txt
0cf861c (master) add c.txt
ca0bb41 add b.txt
4976001 add a.txt# branch2分支
git checkout master
git checkout -b branch2echo d d.txt
git add d.txt
git commit -m add d.txtecho e e.txt
git add e.txt
git commit -m add e.txtecho f f.txt
git add f.txt
git commit -m add f.txt$ git log --oneline
424a045 (HEAD - branch2) add f.txt
2601bd8 add e.txt
092224c add d.txt
0cf861c (master) add c.txt
ca0bb41 add b.txt
4976001 add a.txt# branch3分支
git checkout master
git checkout -b branch3echo g g.txt
git add g.txt
git commit -m add g.txtecho h h.txt
git add h.txt
git commit -m add h.txtecho i i.txt
git add i.txt
git commit -m add i.txt$ git log --oneline
af44be3 (HEAD - branch3) add i.txt
927481e add h.txt
f2339af add g.txt
0cf861c (master) add c.txt
ca0bb41 add b.txt
4976001 add a.txt# 合并
git checkout master$ git merge --no-ff branch1
Merge made by the recursive strategy.a.txt | 2 -b.txt | 2 -c.txt | 2 -3 files changed, 3 insertions(), 3 deletions(-)$ git merge --no-ff branch2
Merge made by the recursive strategy.d.txt | 1 e.txt | 1 f.txt | 1 3 files changed, 3 insertions()create mode 100644 d.txtcreate mode 100644 e.txtcreate mode 100644 f.txt$ git merge --no-ff branch3
Merge made by the recursive strategy.g.txt | 1 h.txt | 1 i.txt | 1 3 files changed, 3 insertions()create mode 100644 g.txtcreate mode 100644 h.txtcreate mode 100644 i.txt$ git log --oneline --graph
* 462cb43 (HEAD - master) Merge branch branch3
|\
| * af44be3 (branch3) add i.txt
| * 927481e add h.txt
| * f2339af add g.txt
* | 286ea08 Merge branch branch2
|\ \
| * | 424a045 (branch2) add f.txt
| * | 2601bd8 add e.txt
| * | 092224c add d.txt
| |/
* | 0eede92 Merge branch branch1
|\ \
| |/
|/|
| * d1cf0f9 (branch1) update c.txt
| * 5def268 update b.txt
| * 007a512 update a.txt
|/
* 0cf861c add c.txt
* ca0bb41 add b.txt
* 4976001 add a.txt1、父提交
# 查看当前最新commit的信息
$ git show HEAD
commit 462cb43cdc468a24a90aecaff394ede36b2b0c37 (HEAD - master)
Merge: 286ea08 af44be3
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:34 2023 0800Merge branch branch3# 显示最新一次提交的第一个父提交
$ git show HEAD^1
commit 286ea083818c1e261e4ce50aaf88f3961bea2e36
Merge: 0eede92 424a045
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:30 2023 0800Merge branch branch2# 显示最新一次提交的第二个父提交
$ git show HEAD^2
commit af44be3047507c4519bd7a52dc5c230b94c16338 (branch3)
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:17:59 2023 0800add i.txtdiff --git a/i.txt b/i.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0ddf2ba
--- /dev/nullb/i.txt-0,0 1
i# 显示最新一次提交的第三个父提交
# 报错说明没有
$ git show HEAD^3
fatal: ambiguous argument HEAD^3: unknown revision or path not in the working tree.
Use -- to separate paths from revisions, like this:
git command [revision...] -- [file...]2、上一个提交
# 查看当前最新commit的信息
$ git show HEAD
# 等价于
$ git show HEAD{0}
commit 462cb43cdc468a24a90aecaff394ede36b2b0c37 (HEAD - master)
Merge: 286ea08 af44be3
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:34 2023 0800Merge branch branch3# 查看上一个提交
$ git show HEAD^
# 等价于
$ git show HEAD{1}
commit 286ea083818c1e261e4ce50aaf88f3961bea2e36
Merge: 0eede92 424a045
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:30 2023 0800Merge branch branch2# 查看上两个提交
$ git show HEAD^^
# 等价于
$ git show HEAD{2}
commit 0eede928ea9d8493c9382e6fa6e27844fcd04db8
Merge: 0cf861c d1cf0f9
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:27 2023 0800Merge branch branch1# 查看上三个提交
$ git show HEAD^^^
# 等价于
$ git show HEAD{3}
commit 0cf861c0d10fc1b44c8807b12be23d23f28ce9f6
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:16:40 2023 0800add c.txtdiff --git a/c.txt b/c.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2ad6c7
--- /dev/nullb/c.txt-0,0 1
c# 查看上四个提交
$ git show HEAD^^^^
# 等价于
$ git show HEAD{4
commit ca0bb41c15c07326a228d428c78ed9f4ad86d27c
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:16:39 2023 0800add b.txtdiff --git a/b.txt b/b.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6178079
--- /dev/nullb/b.txt-0,0 1
b# HEAD^和HEAD~结合使用
# 第3个提交的第一个父提交
$ git show HEAD~3^1
commit ca0bb41c15c07326a228d428c78ed9f4ad86d27c
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:16:39 2023 0800add b.txtdiff --git a/b.txt b/b.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6178079
--- /dev/nullb/b.txt-0,0 1
b3、引用日志
$ git reflog --oneline
462cb43 (HEAD - master) HEAD{0}: merge branch3: Merge made by the recursive strategy.
286ea08 HEAD{1}: merge branch2: Merge made by the recursive strategy.
0eede92 HEAD{2}: merge branch1: Merge made by the recursive strategy.
0cf861c HEAD{3}: checkout: moving from branch3 to master
af44be3 (branch3) HEAD{4}: commit: add i.txt
927481e HEAD{5}: commit: add h.txt
f2339af HEAD{6}: commit: add g.txt
0cf861c HEAD{7}: checkout: moving from master to branch3
0cf861c HEAD{8}: checkout: moving from branch2 to master
424a045 (branch2) HEAD{9}: commit: add f.txt
2601bd8 HEAD{10}: commit: add e.txt
092224c HEAD{11}: commit: add d.txt
0cf861c HEAD{12}: checkout: moving from master to branch2
0cf861c HEAD{13}: checkout: moving from branch1 to master
d1cf0f9 (branch1) HEAD{14}: commit: update c.txt
5def268 HEAD{15}: commit: update b.txt
007a512 HEAD{16}: commit: update a.txt
0cf861c HEAD{17}: checkout: moving from master to branch1
0cf861c HEAD{18}: commit: add c.txt
ca0bb41 HEAD{19}: commit: add b.txt
4976001 HEAD{20}: commit (initial): add a.txt$ git show HEAD{2}
commit 0eede928ea9d8493c9382e6fa6e27844fcd04db8
Merge: 0cf861c d1cf0f9
Author: zhangshixing shixing.zhangesgyn.cn
Date: Fri May 26 16:18:27 2023 0800Merge branch branch1
