2018年临沂建设局网站,网站改版的目的,织梦做的网站怎么样,烟台网站建设哪家便宜首先准备一个liunx镜像和一台安装好虚拟机的电脑。配置好虚拟机#xff0c;选在稍后安装。选择镜像文件#xff0c;开启虚拟机进行安装。配置yum源。首先插入光盘。由于是虚拟机#xff0c;用的光盘镜像#xff0c;在/mnt/下面创建一个文件夹yum 。 复制所有光盘里的内…首先准备一个liunx镜像和一台安装好虚拟机的电脑。配置好虚拟机选在稍后安装。选择镜像文件开启虚拟机进行安装。配置yum源。首先插入光盘。由于是虚拟机用的光盘镜像在/mnt/下面创建一个文件夹yum 。 复制所有光盘里的内容到/mnt/yum cp -rf /media/RHEL_5.9\ x86_64\ DVD/* /mnt/yum用vim编辑器配置文件 vim /etc/yum.repo.d/rhel-debuginfo.repo配置如下[rhel]nameRed Hat Enterprise Linuxbaseurlfile:///mnt/yum/Serverenabled1gpgcheck0查看yum配置情况rootlocalhost ~]# yum repolistrhel | 1.5 kB 00:00rhel/primary | 932 kB 00:00rhel 3335/3335repo id repo name statusrhel Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3,335yum配置成功。6。查看当前主机名[rootlocalhost ~]# hostnamelocalhost.localdomain7。修改主机名[rootlocalhost ~]# hostname weiliyang.nsd1405.com[rootlocalhost ~]# hostnameweiliyang.nsd1405.com8.查看当前ip地址[rootlocalhost ~]# ifconfig eth0eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:55:29:F0inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe55:29f0/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:117 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:27 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:11674 (11.4 KiB) TX bytes:5927 (5.7 KiB)9.修改主机ip地址临时设置为192.168.1.10[rootlocalhost ~]# ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.10/24[rootlocalhost ~]# ifconfig eth0eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:55:29:F0inet addr:192.168.1.10 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0inet6 addr: fe80::20c:29ff:fe55:29f0/64 Scope:LinkUP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1RX packets:117 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0TX packets:38 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000RX bytes:11674 (11.4 KiB) TX bytes:8275 (8.0 KiB)10.查看cpu信息[rootlocalhost ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfoprocessor : 0vendor_id : GenuineIntelcpu family : 6model : 37model name : Intel(R) Core(TM) i3 CPU M 350 2.27GHzstepping : 2cpu MHz : 2261.002cache size : 3072 KB11.查看内存信息[rootlocalhost ~]# cat /proc/meminfoMemTotal: 507508 kBMemFree: 39700 kBBuffers: 5256 kBCached: 187540 kBSwapCached: 0 kBActive: 293652 kBInactive: 105868 kB12.查看系统具体属于RedHat哪一个版本[rootlocalhost ~]# lsb_release -dDescription: Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.9 (Tikang13.查看当前系统时间[rootlocalhost ~]# date2014年 07月 06日 星期日 17:22:52 CST14.列出/etc目录属性drwxr-xr-x 102 root root 12288 07-06 16:43 /etc/15.递归显示/boot下的目录和文件[rootlocalhost ~]# ls -R /boot//boot/:config-2.6.18-348.el5 lostfound vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.el5grub symvers-2.6.18-348.el5.gzinitrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img System.map-2.6.18-348.el5/boot/grub:device.map grub.conf minix_stage1_5 stage2e2fs_stage1_5 iso9660_stage1_5 reiserfs_stage1_5 ufs2_stage1_5fat_stage1_5 jfs_stage1_5 splash.xpm.gz vstafs_stage1_5ffs_stage1_5 menu.lst stage1 xfs_stage1_5/boot/lostfound:15.显示root下面所有文件包括隐藏文件[rootlocalhost ~]# ls -a /boot/. lostfound.. symvers-2.6.18-348.el5.gzconfig-2.6.18-348.el5 System.map-2.6.18-348.el5grub vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.el5initrd-2.6.18-348.el5.img .vmlinuz-2.6.18-348.el5.hmac16.进入/tmp目录删除所有文件和目录创建file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file13.txt filea.txt fileab.txt[rootlocalhost tmp]# cd /tmp/[rootlocalhost tmp]# rm -rf *[rootlocalhost tmp]# touch file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file13.txt filea.txt fileab.txt[rootlocalhost tmp]#[rootlocalhost tmp]# lsfile13.txt file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt fileab.txt filea.txt17.显示file开头的以.txt结尾的中间2个字符的文件[rootlocalhost tmp]# ls file??.txtfile13.txt fileab.txt[rootlocalhost tmp]#18.显示file开头的以.txt结尾的中间是单个数字的文件[rootlocalhost tmp]# ls file[0-9].txtfile1.txt file2.txt file3.txt19.显示file开头的以.txt结尾的中间部分可能是1 3 a ab的文件[rootlocalhost tmp]# ls file{1,3,a,ab}.txtfile1.txt file3.txt fileab.txt filea.txt20.查看/boot和/etc/pki分别占用多大空间[rootlocalhost tmp]# du -sh /root/385M /root/[rootlocalhost tmp]# du -sh /etc/pki/792K /etc/pki/21.查看/etc/passwd前5行[rootlocalhost tmp]# head -5 /etc/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashbin:x:1:1:bin:/bin:/sbin/nologindaemon:x:2:2:daemon:/sbin:/sbin/nologinadm:x:3:4:adm:/var/adm:/sbin/nologinlp:x:4:7:lp:/var/spool/lpd:/sbin/nologin22.查看/etc/passwd尾5行[rootlocalhost tmp]# tail -5 /etc/passwdhaldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologinavahi-autoipd:x:100:159:avahi-autoipd:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nologingdm:x:42:42::/var/gdm:/sbin/nologinsabayon:x:86:86:Sabayon user:/home/sabayon:/sbin/nologinweiliyang:x:500:500::/home/weiliyang:/bin/bash23.查看/etc/passwd的第8-12行[rootlocalhost tmp]# head -12 /etc/passwd|tail -5 /etc/passwdhaldaemon:x:68:68:HAL daemon:/:/sbin/nologinavahi-autoipd:x:100:159:avahi-autoipd:/var/lib/avahi-autoipd:/sbin/nologingdm:x:42:42::/var/gdm:/sbin/nologinsabayon:x:86:86:Sabayon user:/home/sabayon:/sbin/nologinweiliyang:x:500:500::/home/weiliyang:/bin/bash24.统计系统中有多少个账户[rootlocalhost tmp]# cat -n /etc/passwd|wc -l3525.计算/etc目录下.conf配置文件的个数[rootlocalhost tmp]# ls /etc/*.conf|wc -l4826.显示/etc/passwd中以root开头的内容[rootlocalhost tmp]# grep ^root /etc/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash27.显示/etc/passwd中以bash结尾的内容[rootlocalhost tmp]# grep bash$ /etc/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bashweiliyang:x:500:500::/home/weiliyang:/bin/bash28.分别使用gzip和bzip2和zip对/root/gztest.txt进行压缩和解压gzip压缩[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg Desktop gztext.txt install.log install.log.syslog lianxi[rootlocalhost ~]# gzip -9 gztext.txt[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg gztext.txt.gz install.log.syslogDesktop install.log lianxigunzip解压[rootlocalhost ~]# gunzip gztext.txt.gz[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg Desktop gztext.txt install.log install.log.syslog lianxigzip2压缩[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg Desktop gztext.txt install.log install.log.syslog lianxi[rootlocalhost ~]# bzip2 gztext.txt[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg gztext.txt.bz2 install.log.syslogDesktop install.log lianxigzip2解压[rootlocalhost ~]# bunzip2 gztext.txt.bz2[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg Desktop gztext.txt install.log install.log.syslog lianxitar压缩[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg Desktop gztext.txt install.log install.log.syslog lianxi[rootlocalhost ~]# tar -zcf gztext.txt.tar.gz gztext.txt[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg gztext.txt install.log lianxiDesktop gztext.txt.tar.gz install.log.syslogtar解压[rootlocalhost ~]# tar -zxf gztext.txt.tar.gz[rootlocalhost ~]# lsanaconda-ks.cfg gztext.txt install.log lianxiDesktop gztext.txt.tar.gz install.log.syslog29.把/etc/mail打包并压缩到/root/mail.tar.gz[rootlocalhost ~]# tar -zcf /root/mail.tar.gz /etc/mail[rootlocalhost ~]# ls /root/anaconda-ks.cfg -D gztext.txt install.log lianxi-d Desktop gztext.txt.tar.gz install.log.syslog mail.tar.gz30,把/etc/mail打包并压缩到/root/mail.tar.bz2[rootlocalhost ~]# tar jcf /root/mail.tar.bz2 /etc/mail[rootlocalhost ~]# ls /root/anaconda-ks.cfg -D gztext.txt install.log lianxi-d Desktop gztext.txt.tar.gz install.log.syslog mail.tar.bz231.将mail.tar.gz解压到/tmp下递归查看/tmp/etc下的内容然后删除/tmp/etc目录[rootlocalhost ~]# tar -zxf mail.tar.gz -C /tmp/递归查看/tmp/etc[rootlocalhost ~]# ls -R /tmp//tmp/etc:mail/tmp/etc/mail:access helpfile Makefile submit.mcaccess.db local-host-names sendmail.cf trusted-usersdomaintable mailertable sendmail.mc virtusertabledomaintable.db mailertable.db submit.cf virtusertable.db[rootlocalhost ~]# rm -rf /tmp/etc/[rootlocalhost ~]# ls -R /tmp//tmp/:file13.txt file2.txt fileab.txt scim-bridge-0.3.0.lockfile-0localhost:0.0file1.txt file3.txt filea.txt32.分别查看mail.tar.gz与mail.tar.bz2文件里面内容[rootlocalhost ~]# file mail.tar.gzmail.tar.gz: gzip compressed data, from Unix, last modified: Sun Jul 6 19:38:22 2014[rootlocalhost ~]# file mail.tar.bz2mail.tar.bz2: bzip2 compressed data, block size 900k33.创建账户studentstu01宿主目录设为/opt/stu01[rootlocalhost ~]# useradd -d /opt/stu01 stu01stu02uid为10001账户在2015-06-30号过期基本组设为stu01[rootlocalhost ~]# useradd -u 10002 -g stu01 -e 2015-06-30 stu02sys01不用于登录[rootlocalhost ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin sys01sys02不创建宿主目录[rootlocalhost ~]# useradd -M sys0233.查看/etc/passwd文件的第一行[rootlocalhost ~]# head -1 /etc/passwdroot:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash34.查看/etc/shadow文件的第一行[rootlocalhost ~]# head -1 /etc/shadowroot:$1$1FskXDzB$KJvDMEmf8TKu18qJvd2nO0:16247:0:99999:7:::35.针对student操作设置密码为123456然后用student登录自己修改密码[rootlocalhost ~]# passwd studentChanging password for user student.New UNIX password:BAD PASSWORD: it is too simplistic/systematicRetype new UNIX password:passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.清空student的密码查看/etc/shadow里面与student相关的内容清空前[rootlocalhost ~]# grep student /etc/shadowstudent:$1$dgLGRByb$xJrSGtmn7MSWlhA6zqMbR1:16257:0:99999:7:::清空后[rootlocalhost ~]# passwd -d studentRemoving password for user student.passwd: Success[rootlocalhost ~]# grep student /etc/shadowstudent::16257:0:99999:7:::36.手动创建用户的过程 (禁止useradd)1)、/etc/passwd/etc/shadow/etc/group/etc/gshadow2)、/home/xxxx3)、/var/spool/mail/xxxx4)、/etc/skel/.*5)、权限[rootlocalhost ~]# vim /etc/passwdyang:x:10005:10005::/homeyang:bin/bash[rootlocalhost ~]# vim /etc/shadowyang:!!:16258:0:99999:7:::[rootlocalhost ~]# vim /etc/groupyang:x:10005:[rootlocalhost ~]# vim /etc/gshadowyang:!::[rootlocalhost ~]# mkdir /home/yang[rootweiliyang weiliyang]# touch /var/spool/mail/yang37.为虚拟机添加一块80GB、SCSI接口的硬盘划分2个20GB的主分区剩余作为扩展分区[rootlocalhost ~]# fdisk -l /dev/sdbDisk /dev/sdb: 85.8 GB, 85899345920 bytes255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 10443 cylindersUnits cylinders of 16065 * 512 8225280 bytesDisk /dev/sdb doesnt contain a valid partition tablefdisk /dev/sdb按n键添加分区Command (m for help): nCommand action (e为交换分区p为主分区)e extendedp primary partition (1-4)pPartition number (1-4): 3 (输入分区编号)First cylinder (4867-10443, default 4867): (规划分区大小)Using default value 4867Last cylinder or size or sizeM or sizeK (4867-10443, default 10443): 20g38.添加交换分区Command (m for help): nCommand actione extendedp primary partition (1-4)eSelected partition 4First cylinder (7300-10443, default 7300):Using default value 7300Last cylinder or size or sizeM or sizeK (7300-10443, default 10443):Using default value 10443p查看分区列表Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System/dev/sdb1 1 2433 19543041 83 Linux/dev/sdb2 2434 4866 19543072 83 Linux/dev/sdb3 4867 10443 44797252 5 Extended/dev/sdb5 4867 7299 19543041 83 Linux/dev/sdb6 7300 8516 9775521 83 Linux39.将第一个逻辑分区类型改为swap(id82)Command (m for help): tPartition number (1-6): 5Hex code (type L to list codes): 82Changed system type of partition 5 to 82 (Linux swap / Solaris)40.将第二个逻辑分区类型改为vfat(idb或c)Command (m for help): tPartition number (1-6): 6Hex code (type L to list codes): bChanged system type of partition 6 to b (W95 FAT32)41.按w保存退出Command (m for help): wThe partition table has been altered!Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.WARNING: If you have created or modified any DOS 6.xpartitions, please see the fdisk manual page for additionalinformation.Syncing disks.42.使用partprobe更新分区表【最好是重启一次】[rootlocalhost ~]# partprobe[rootlocalhost ~]#43.将/dev/sdb1格式化成ext3分区[rootlocalhost ~]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)Filesystem labelOS type: LinuxBlock size4096 (log2)Fragment size4096 (log2)2443200 inodes, 4885760 blocks244288 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super userFirst data block0Maximum filesystem blocks4294967296150 block groups32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group16288 inodes per groupSuperblock backups stored on blocks:32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,4096000Writing inode tables: doneCreating journal (32768 blocks): doneWriting superblocks and filesystem accounting information: doneThis filesystem will be automatically checked every 39 mounts or180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.44.将/dev/sdb6格式化成FAT32分区[rootlocalhost ~]# mkfs.vfat /dev/sdb6mkfs.vfat 2.11 (12 Mar 2005)45.将/dev/sdb1挂载到/mnt/part1在这个挂载目录新建一个file.txt文件和一个now的目录[rootlocalhost ~]# mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt/part1/[rootlocalhost ~]# mount|grep sdb1/dev/sdb1 on /mnt/part1 type ext3 (rw)在/mnt/part1/下建立一个新的测试文件并查看[rootlocalhost ~]# touch /mnt/part1/file.txt[rootlocalhost ~]# ls /mnt/part1/file.txt lostfound46.分别卸载/dev/sdb1、/dev/sdb6[rootlocalhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb1[rootlocalhost ~]# umount /dev/sdb6
