互联网营销型网站,wordpress 主题加速,珠海市网站设计公司,制作个人网页详细教程1. 实现效果 Python五子棋小游戏 2. 游戏规则
规则说明#xff0c;五子棋人机对战游戏规则如下#xff1a;
Ⅰ 默认规则 - 五子棋规则
对局双方#xff1a;各执一色棋子#xff0c;一方持黑色棋子#xff0c;另一方持白色棋子。棋盘与开局#xff1a;空棋盘开局…1. 实现效果 Python五子棋小游戏 2. 游戏规则
规则说明五子棋人机对战游戏规则如下
Ⅰ 默认规则 - 五子棋规则
对局双方各执一色棋子一方持黑色棋子另一方持白色棋子。棋盘与开局空棋盘开局黑先、白后交替下子每次只能下一子。棋子落点棋子下在棋盘的空白点上下定后不得向其它点移动也不得从棋盘上拿掉或拿起另落别处。黑方首子黑方的第一枚棋子可下在棋盘任意交叉点上。轮流下子轮流下子是双方的权利。
Ⅱ 设定规则
双方用户与程序分别使用黑白两色的棋子设定为玩家执黑先下第一颗程序执白。棋盘设为常规的15道盘即15×15的方格。下在棋盘直线与横线的交叉点上先形成五子连珠者获胜。
Ⅲ 其他规则
高亮规则动态高亮显示最新落子便于观察程序上一步落在何处。防守机制检查对方是否可以形成三子或四子获胜后不要退出窗口而是停留不然不知道怎么输的细节1. 棋盘格外围边框加粗且为深色棋盘格框线变细高亮框线变细 2.一旦有一方赢就无法再落子了主要是白子会在黑子赢了之后还落子 3. 判平局 4. 棋子下在格线交叉点而非格内。 3. 环境配置
程序中会用到的库
import sys
import random
import pygame其中sys库和random是python的内置库不需要安装pygame是三方库需要安装。 先安装 pygame如果还没有安装可以使用以下命令
pip install pygame4. 代码实现
变量说明
# 常量定义
BOARD_SIZE 15 # 棋盘是15×15
CELL_SIZE 40 # 每个棋格的大小
WIDTH BOARD_SIZE * CELL_SIZE # 棋盘的大小 宽 15×40
HEIGHT BOARD_SIZE * CELL_SIZE # 棋盘高度
BACKGROUND_COLOR (250, 224, 161) # 棋盘的背景色
GRID_COLOR (0, 0, 0) # 棋盘格线 调成(200, 200, 200)会很好看
HIGHLIGHT_COLOR (255, 182, 193) # 高亮颜色, 粉色
BORDER_COLOR (139, 69, 19) # 棋盘外围边框颜色# 棋盘状态
EMPTY 0 # 未落子
BLACK 1 # 落黑子
WHITE 2 # 落白子棋盘绘制
画棋盘、棋格、棋子、高亮框框、高亮圈圈
def draw_board(screen, board, last_move):screen.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):rect pygame.Rect(x * CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)pygame.draw.rect(screen, GRID_COLOR, rect, 1)if board[x][y] BLACK:pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0, 0, 0), rect.center, CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5)elif board[x][y] WHITE:pygame.draw.circle(screen, (255, 255, 255), rect.center, CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5)if last_move:# row, col latest_move# 方形高亮 棋格highlight_rect pygame.Rect(last_move[0] * CELL_SIZE, last_move[1] * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)pygame.draw.rect(screen, HIGHLIGHT_COLOR, highlight_rect, 2)# 圆形高亮 棋子highlight_center (last_move[0] * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE // 2, last_move[1] * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE // 2)highlight_radius CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5 # 与棋子相同的半径pygame.draw.circle(screen, HIGHLIGHT_COLOR, highlight_center, highlight_radius1.5, 2) # 用圆形高亮, 1.5是为了补偿高亮高亮是2pygame.draw.rect(screen, BORDER_COLOR, (0, 0, CELL_SIZE * BOARD_SIZE, CELL_SIZE * BOARD_SIZE), 5)# 绘制边框判断赢家
在任意方达到五子的时候判断赢了
def check_winner(board, player):for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] player:# 检查水平方向if x 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x i][y] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查垂直方向if y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x][y i] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查斜向左上到右下if x 4 BOARD_SIZE and y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x i][y i] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查斜向右上到左下if x - 4 0 and y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x - i][y i] player for i in range(5)):return Truereturn False程序落子随机
一开始纯随机棋子分布散乱很容易白子就输了没有难度和趣味性。后来程序才加策略提高白子获胜率。
def get_random_move(board):empty_cells [(x, y) for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE) if board[x][y] EMPTY]return random.choice(empty_cells) if empty_cells else None防御机制
程序检测玩家连续棋子的数量是否对自身存在威胁性。
def check_threats(board, player):three_in_a_row_positions []for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] EMPTY:board[x][y] player # 模拟落子if check_winner(board, player):board[x][y] EMPTYreturn [(x, y)] # 直接获胜# 检测是否出现三子的情况if count_consecutive(board, x, y, player) 3:three_in_a_row_positions.append((x, y))board[x][y] EMPTYreturn three_in_a_row_positionsdef get_defensive_move(board):# 检查对方是否可以形成三子或四子for position in check_threats(board, BLACK):return position # 返回防守位置return Nonedef count_consecutive(board, x, y, player):# 检查周围的棋子数量count 0for dx, dy in [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1), (-1, -1), (1, 1), (-1, 1), (1, -1)]:temp_count 0for step in range(1, 5): # 只检测四个方向nx, ny x dx * step, y dy * stepif 0 nx BOARD_SIZE and 0 ny BOARD_SIZE and board[nx][ny] player:temp_count 1else:breakcount temp_countreturn count追踪策略
为了便于堵截玩家提高难度。
def get_preferred_move(board):preferred_moves []for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] EMPTY:# 优先选择靠近黑子的位置for dx in [-1, 0, 1]:for dy in [-1, 0, 1]:nx, ny x dx, y dyif 0 nx BOARD_SIZE and 0 ny BOARD_SIZE and board[nx][ny] BLACK:preferred_moves.append((x, y))breakreturn random.choice(preferred_moves) if preferred_moves else get_random_move(board)主函数
def main():pygame.init()screen pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))pygame.display.set_caption(五子棋)game_over False # 游戏是否结束board [[EMPTY for _ in range(BOARD_SIZE)] for _ in range(BOARD_SIZE)]last_move Nonewhile True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()if game_over:continue # 如果游戏结束不处理任何落子# 检查是否平局if all(board[x][y] ! EMPTY for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE)):game_over Trueprint(游戏平局)if event.type pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:x, y event.posx // CELL_SIZEy // CELL_SIZEif 0 x BOARD_SIZE and 0 y BOARD_SIZE and board[x][y] EMPTY:board[x][y] BLACKlast_move (x, y)if check_winner(board, BLACK):game_over Trueprint(黑方获胜)#pygame.quit()#sys.exit()# 白方落子if not game_over and not (all(board[x][y] ! EMPTY for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE))):move get_defensive_move(board)if move is None: # 若没有可防守的位置落子move get_preferred_move(board)board[move[0]][move[1]] WHITElast_move moveif check_winner(board, WHITE):game_over Trueprint(白方获胜)# pygame.quit()# sys.exit()draw_board(screen, board, last_move)pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()完整代码
import pygame
import sys
import random# 常量定义
BOARD_SIZE 15
CELL_SIZE 40
WIDTH BOARD_SIZE * CELL_SIZE
HEIGHT BOARD_SIZE * CELL_SIZE
BACKGROUND_COLOR (250, 224, 161)
GRID_COLOR (245, 245, 220) #GRID_COLOR (0, 0, 0)
FADED_GRID_COLOR (200, 200, 200) # 使用一个更亮的颜色来模仿淡化效果 淡化的格线颜色 (220, 220, 220)
HIGHLIGHT_COLOR (255, 182, 193) # 粉色高亮颜色
BORDER_COLOR (139, 69, 19) # 边框颜色
# 棋盘状态
EMPTY 0
BLACK 1
WHITE 2def draw_board(screen, board, last_move):screen.fill(BACKGROUND_COLOR)for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):rect pygame.Rect(x * CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)pygame.draw.rect(screen, GRID_COLOR, rect, 1)# 在每个格子内绘制2份纵横线for i in range(1, 2):# 横线pygame.draw.line(screen, FADED_GRID_COLOR, (x * CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE i * (CELL_SIZE // 2)),(x * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE, y * CELL_SIZE i * (CELL_SIZE // 2)), 1)# 竖线pygame.draw.line(screen, FADED_GRID_COLOR, (x * CELL_SIZE i * (CELL_SIZE // 2), y * CELL_SIZE),(x * CELL_SIZE i * (CELL_SIZE // 2), y * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE), 1)# 绘制交叉点pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0, 0, 0), (x * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE - CELL_SIZE/2, y * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE - CELL_SIZE/2), 2) # 使用半径为2的圆点if board[x][y] BLACK:pygame.draw.circle(screen, (0, 0, 0), rect.center, CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5)elif board[x][y] WHITE:pygame.draw.circle(screen, (255, 255, 255), rect.center, CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5)if last_move:# row, col latest_move# 方形高亮 棋格highlight_rect pygame.Rect(last_move[0] * CELL_SIZE, last_move[1] * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE)pygame.draw.rect(screen, HIGHLIGHT_COLOR, highlight_rect, 2)# 圆形高亮 棋子highlight_center (last_move[0] * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE // 2, last_move[1] * CELL_SIZE CELL_SIZE // 2)highlight_radius CELL_SIZE // 2 - 5 # 与棋子相同的半径pygame.draw.circle(screen, HIGHLIGHT_COLOR, highlight_center, highlight_radius1.5, 2) # 用圆形高亮, 1.5是为了补偿高亮高亮是2pygame.draw.rect(screen, BORDER_COLOR, (0, 0, CELL_SIZE * BOARD_SIZE, CELL_SIZE * BOARD_SIZE), 5)# 绘制边框def check_winner(board, player):for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] player:# 检查水平方向if x 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x i][y] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查垂直方向if y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x][y i] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查斜向左上到右下if x 4 BOARD_SIZE and y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x i][y i] player for i in range(5)):return True# 检查斜向右上到左下if x - 4 0 and y 4 BOARD_SIZE and all(board[x - i][y i] player for i in range(5)):return Truereturn Falsedef check_threats(board, player):three_in_a_row_positions []for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] EMPTY:board[x][y] player # 模拟落子if check_winner(board, player):board[x][y] EMPTYreturn [(x, y)] # 直接获胜# 检测是否出现三子的情况if count_consecutive(board, x, y, player) 3:three_in_a_row_positions.append((x, y))board[x][y] EMPTYreturn three_in_a_row_positionsdef count_consecutive(board, x, y, player):# 检查周围的棋子数量count 0for dx, dy in [(-1, 0), (1, 0), (0, -1), (0, 1), (-1, -1), (1, 1), (-1, 1), (1, -1)]:temp_count 0for step in range(1, 5): # 只检测四个方向nx, ny x dx * step, y dy * stepif 0 nx BOARD_SIZE and 0 ny BOARD_SIZE and board[nx][ny] player:temp_count 1else:breakcount temp_countreturn countdef get_defensive_move(board):# 检查对方是否可以形成三子或四子for position in check_threats(board, BLACK):return position # 返回防守位置return Nonedef get_random_move(board):empty_cells [(x, y) for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE) if board[x][y] EMPTY]return random.choice(empty_cells) if empty_cells else Nonedef get_preferred_move(board):preferred_moves []for x in range(BOARD_SIZE):for y in range(BOARD_SIZE):if board[x][y] EMPTY:# 优先选择靠近黑子的位置for dx in [-1, 0, 1]:for dy in [-1, 0, 1]:nx, ny x dx, y dyif 0 nx BOARD_SIZE and 0 ny BOARD_SIZE and board[nx][ny] BLACK:preferred_moves.append((x, y))breakreturn random.choice(preferred_moves) if preferred_moves else get_random_move(board)def main():pygame.init()screen pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))pygame.display.set_caption(五子棋)game_over False # 游戏是否结束board [[EMPTY for _ in range(BOARD_SIZE)] for _ in range(BOARD_SIZE)]last_move Nonewhile True:for event in pygame.event.get():if event.type pygame.QUIT:pygame.quit()sys.exit()if game_over:continue # 如果游戏结束不处理任何落子# 检查是否平局if all(board[x][y] ! EMPTY for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE)):game_over Trueprint(游戏平局)if event.type pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:x, y event.posx // CELL_SIZEy // CELL_SIZEif 0 x BOARD_SIZE and 0 y BOARD_SIZE and board[x][y] EMPTY:board[x][y] BLACKlast_move (x, y)if check_winner(board, BLACK):game_over Trueprint(黑方获胜)#pygame.quit()#sys.exit()# 白方落子if not game_over and not (all(board[x][y] ! EMPTY for x in range(BOARD_SIZE) for y in range(BOARD_SIZE))):move get_defensive_move(board)if move is None: # 若没有可防守的位置落子move get_preferred_move(board)board[move[0]][move[1]] WHITElast_move moveif check_winner(board, WHITE):game_over Trueprint(白方获胜)# pygame.quit()# sys.exit()draw_board(screen, board, last_move)pygame.display.flip()pygame.quit()
if __name__ __main__:main()
